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12 years old

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The girl is Arlie Searcy, beginning work in the Arlington Mill, Spartenberg [sic], S.C. Been working at Clifton Mills. Got her papers there. Mother said she is 12 years old but it is questionable. The boy Ralph hasn't his working papers but is trying to get them. Mother said he was 12 years old.  Location: Spartanburg, South Carolina.

The girl is Arlie Searcy, beginning work in the Arlington Mill, Sparte...

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Wren[?] Sinper said she is 12 years old, been spinning one year. Manchester Mill, Rock Hill, S.C. Said Nannie works in the winding room.  Location: Rock Hill, South Carolina.

Wren[?] Sinper said she is 12 years old, been spinning one year. Manch...

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John Dempsey (looked 11 or 12) years old. Said he helped only on Saturdays. Jackson Mill, Fiskeville, R. I. (One of the B. B. and R. Knight mills). He was working faithfully in the mule-spinning room, a dangerous place for boys. I found no others below 14 in this mill,.  Location: Fiskeville, Rhode Island.

John Dempsey (looked 11 or 12) years old. Said he helped only on Satur...

Picryl description: Public domain image of a child labor, factory, plant, manufacture, industrial facility, early 20th-century industrial architecture, free to use, no copyright restrictions.

Luther Dories. Been doffing some months in Spinning Room #2. Massachusetts Mills, Lindale, Ga. Said 12 years old, but very doubtful. Father and brother work.  Location: Lindale, Georgia.

Luther Dories. Been doffing some months in Spinning Room #2. Massachus...

An old black and white photo of a young boy. Public domain portrait photograph, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

Adrienne Pagnette, an adolescent French illiterate, speaks almost no English. Is probably 14 or 15. Doffs on top floor spinning room in Glenallen Mill. Her brother Francis has a regular job doffing. Said he is 15 but Mr. Hine doubted it. Her sister Anna said she was 12 years old and helped older sister in Glenallen Mill. Been at it all summer. She stands next to Adrienne in Photo 2396, and in 2396A (taller girl). Photo 2396 shows the entire family of 17 members, 8 or 10 of them in the mill. Almost every one of them illiterate. Stooping, reaching and pushing heavy boxes is bad for young girls adolescent.  Location: Winchendon, Massachusetts.

Adrienne Pagnette, an adolescent French illiterate, speaks almost no E...

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Alfred Beniot, 191 North St. Sweeper in Bennett Mill, in spinning room #2 has been there two months; seemed to be 11 yrs. old. Alfred recorded as 12 years old.  Location: New Bedford, Massachusetts.

Alfred Beniot, 191 North St. Sweeper in Bennett Mill, in spinning room...

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Batise Joseph. Winchendon. Doffer in Glenakkeb [i.e., Glenallen] Mill. Father and Mother said, "He is 12 years old. Has been doffing all summer. Will go to school." Query: Will he go to school? Another boy, 13 years old, in this mill said, "I'll stay at work until they come after me." Older sister and parents illiterate.  Location: Winchendon, Massachusetts.

Batise Joseph. Winchendon. Doffer in Glenakkeb [i.e., Glenallen] Mill....

Picryl description: Public domain image of boy workers, child labor, working children, economic conditions, free to use, no copyright restrictions.

[Tolar, Hart and Holt Mills. All the children went in when the whistle blew, and I saw most of them at work the next day when I went through the spinning room at 10 A.M. Some of them are surely under 12 years old.]  Location: [Fayetteville, North Carolina]

[Tolar, Hart and Holt Mills. All the children went in when the whistle...

Picryl description: Public domain image of child labor, exploitation, children workers, economic conditions, free to use, no copyright restrictions.

Johns Lewis. Springstein Mill. A typical cotton mill boy. 12 years old --1 year in mill. Weaver--4 looms. Got 40 cents at start--60 cents now. Brother and Pa, in mills. Witness S.R. Hine.  Location: Chester, South Carolina.

Johns Lewis. Springstein Mill. A typical cotton mill boy. 12 years old...

Picryl description: Public domain photograph of child, child labor, farmer, early 20th-century farm, free to use, no copyright restrictions.

This little spinner has been in the mill 4 years. She was about 52 inches high and looked not quite 12 years old. Plenty of others there Newton (N.C.) Cotton Mills.  Location: Newton, North Carolina.

This little spinner has been in the mill 4 years. She was about 52 inc...

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Harry and Sallie. Driver in Maryland Coal Co. Mine, near Sand Lick, Grafton, West Virginia. Was afraid to be photo'd because we might make him go to school. Probably 12 years old.  Location: Grafton, West Virginia.

Harry and Sallie. Driver in Maryland Coal Co. Mine, near Sand Lick, Gr...

Picryl description: Public domain photograph of child, child labor, farmer, early 20th-century farm, free to use, no copyright restrictions.

Group containing the following boys who work in the Sagamore Mfg. Company, Fall River. Manuel Corieiia [i.e., Correira] , 144 Cove St., works in Spinning room on top floor. Said, "I only help mother." He was apparently 13 or 14. Manuel Oliver, George Street, works in card room. Seems surely only 12 years old. Manuel Benevirdes, 30 Otto Street, works on top floor. Manuel Rage, 51 George Street, works in spinning room on fourth floor. John Oliver, 93 Slater Street, works in spinning room on third floor. Joseph Ariuda, 23 Shorr Street, works in spinning room on third floor.  Location: Fall River, Massachusetts.

Group containing the following boys who work in the Sagamore Mfg. Comp...

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Rush Merrill, Loray Mill, Gastonia, N.C. 12 years old. Been in mill 3 years Doffer. Gets 75 cents a day. Said sometimes gets 3 to 5 hours a day resting between times.  Location: Gastonia, North Carolina.

Rush Merrill, Loray Mill, Gastonia, N.C. 12 years old. Been in mill 3 ...

An old black and white photo of a boy in overalls. Public domain portrait photograph, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

Dora Nevins 12 years old. Been selling 1 year. Hartford, Conn.  Location: Hartford, Connecticut.

Dora Nevins 12 years old. Been selling 1 year. Hartford, Conn. Locati...

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Joseph Buonasari, 207 7th Street, Buffalo, N.Y. Second Grade, School #1. 12 years old last summer. Worked on beans and apples and tomatoes in sheds and factory, getting 50 cents a day, sometimes until 8 P.M. Parents sometimes work all night until 5 A.M. Entered School #1, January 11th from School #2.  Location: Buffalo, New York (State)

Joseph Buonasari, 207 7th Street, Buffalo, N.Y. Second Grade, School #...

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Photos taken during noon hour, October 23rd, 1912, at the Loray Mills, Gastonia, N.C. They said they were working and went in to work. At night I counted over thirty children coming out when the whistle blew, and they seemed to be from ten to twelve years old. The Superintendent was much disturbed over the photos.  Location: Gastonia, North Carolina.

Photos taken during noon hour, October 23rd, 1912, at the Loray Mills,...

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A study of ages. The boy on the right said, "I ain't old enough to work in the mill; I am ten years." The boy in the middle, Buford Fox who has been working in the Merrimack Mills for one year said he was twelve years old, but School Record says ten years. Sanford Franklin, boy on the left has been working four months, and I could not prove his age. Merrimack Mfg. Co. See also Hine report.  Location: Huntsville, Alabama.

A study of ages. The boy on the right said, "I ain't old enough to wor...

Picryl description: Public domain photograph of child, child labor, farmer, early 20th-century farm, free to use, no copyright restrictions.

Adrienne Pagnette, an adolescent French illiterate, speaks almost no English. Is probably 14 or 15. Doffs on top floor spinning room in Glenallen Mill. Her brother Francis has a regular job doffing. Said he is 15 but Mr. Hine doubted it. Her sister Anna said she was 12 years old and helped older sister in Glenallen Mill. Been at it all summer. She stands next to Adrienne in Photo 2396, and in 2396A (taller girl). Photo 2396 shows the entire family of 17 members, 8 or 10 of them in the mill. Almost every one of them illiterate. Stooping, reaching and pushing heavy boxes is bad for young girls adolescent.  Location: Winchendon, Massachusetts.

Adrienne Pagnette, an adolescent French illiterate, speaks almost no E...

Picryl description: Public domain image of a factory, plant, manufacture, assembly line, industrial facility, early 20th-century industrial architecture, free to use, no copyright restrictions.

Nearly Sold Out! "Basket ! Five Cents Each!" Antoinette Siminger, 12 years old, 4219 Glenway Ave., Price Hill, Sixth St., Market, Cincinnati. 10 P.M. Had been selling since morning.  Location: Cincinnati, Ohio.

Nearly Sold Out! "Basket ! Five Cents Each!" Antoinette Siminger, 12 y...

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May Hosiery Mills. The boy is Harvey Curtis, 12 years old, turns stockings. Made $1.41 this week, out of which he paid sixty cents carfare.  Location: Nashville, Tennessee.

May Hosiery Mills. The boy is Harvey Curtis, 12 years old, turns stock...

Picryl description: Public domain image of child labor, exploitation, children workers, economic conditions, free to use, no copyright restrictions.

A lone newsie selling at 8 P.M. at the R. R. Station. Peter Fanella, 12 years old, 411 Catherine Street.  Location: Utica, New York (State)

A lone newsie selling at 8 P.M. at the R. R. Station. Peter Fanella, 1...

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Hugh Oliphant, 12 years old driving a "double-shovel."  Location: Warren County--Bowling Green, Kentucky / Lewis W. Hine.

Hugh Oliphant, 12 years old driving a "double-shovel." Location: Warr...

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Manuel Sousa and family, 306-2[nd] St., On right end is brother-in-law; next [to] him is father who works on the river; next is Manuel (appears to be 12 years old) wearing sweater and has arms folded, he has been a cleaner in the Holmes Cotton Mill for two years. John, Manuel's brother (next to him in photo) works in City Cotton Mill. Next is sister. At left of end is cousin. Small fry sprinkled around. All are very illiterate. John and Manuel are the only ones who can speak English and they only a little.  Location: New Bedford, Massachusetts.

Manuel Sousa and family, 306-2[nd] St., On right end is brother-in-law...

Picryl description: Public domain photograph of child, child labor, farmer, early 20th-century farm, free to use, no copyright restrictions.

Dangerous work. Charlie McBride. Said twelve years old. This twelve year old boy has a steady job with the Miller and Vidor Lumber Company. He takes slabs out of the chute which has a moving endless chain to carry the wood up the chute. He passes the slabs on to the other boy who saws them on an unguarded circular saw. Charlie runs the saw himself whenever he gets a chance. He is exposed, not only to the above dangers, but to the weather, no roof even. Has been here for some months. "Get four bits a day." (Fifty cents.) Works ten hours. This was the only mill that I found around Beaumont that employed boys - likely because they are located some distance out of town.  Location: Beaumont, Texas.

Dangerous work. Charlie McBride. Said twelve years old. This twelve ye...

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[Whistle blows noon Opelika Cotton Mill. Smallest girl in photograph is Velma Smith a tiny little spinner with a steady job all day. I found her at home crying bitterly because her father refused to let her have any money out of the pay envelope she brought home. Mother said: "That haint no way to encourage children to work." Mother, father and several children work. Her mother admitted she worked here before 12 years old, and at Ella White Mill and one other city for about a year. Says they have no family record, but claims Velma is 12 now (which is doubtful). I saw her several times going and coming at 5:45 A.M. and noon.]  Location: [Opelika, Alabama]

[Whistle blows noon Opelika Cotton Mill. Smallest girl in photograph i...

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Whistle blows noon Opelika Cotton Mill. Smallest girl in photograph is Velma Smith a tiny little spinner with a steady job all day. I found her at home crying bitterly because her father refused to let her have any money out of the pay envelope she brought home. Mother said: "That haint no way to encourage children to work." Mother, father and several children work. Her mother admitted she worked here before 12 years old, and at Ella White Mill and one other city for about a year. Says they have no family record, but claims Velma is 12 now (which is doubtful). I saw her several times going and coming at 5:45 A.M. and noon.  Location: Opelika, Alabama.

Whistle blows noon Opelika Cotton Mill. Smallest girl in photograph is...

Picryl description: Public domain image of child labor, exploitation, children workers, economic conditions, free to use, no copyright restrictions.

Comparison of Ages: Four Portuguese boys in front of home of Antone Mello, 26 County St. Boy on the left end (tallest) is a school boy. Said 13 years old. Boy on right end (shortest) is a school boy said 12 years old. Between them are: Jo Viera, sais[sic] 15 years, and Antone Mello, said 14 years. Both have been cleaning in Kilburn Mill for 2 years, in #1 spinning room. Both from "the Islands" a few years ago. Antone is very illiterate, spoke almost no English, could hardly write his name. I asked the tallest boy how Antone could be in the mill. He said they lie about their ages. If I came from the Islands, I could fool them about my age too and go in the mill. He said the priests fixed it up.  Location: New Bedford, Massachusetts.

Comparison of Ages: Four Portuguese boys in front of home of Antone Me...

Picryl description: Public domain photograph of child, child labor, farmer, early 20th-century farm, free to use, no copyright restrictions.

Arthur Newell, doffer in Manchester Mills, Rock Hill. 3 weeks at it. 70 cents a day. Said 12 years old. His father in the mill gets $12 a week, mother $9, sister $4.80, he gets $4.20, total $30 a week. "I had ruther go to school but the mill wanted me."  Location: Rock Hill, [South Carolina]

Arthur Newell, doffer in Manchester Mills, Rock Hill. 3 weeks at it. 7...

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Dangerous work. Charlie McBride (said twelve years old). This twelve year old boy has a steady job with the Miller & Vidor Lumber Company. He takes slabs out of the chute which has a moving endless chain to carry the wood up the chute. He passes the slabs onto to [sic] other boy who saws them on an unguarded circular saw. Charlie runs the saw himself whenever he gets the chance. He is exposed not only to the above dangers, but to the weather. No roof even. Has been here for some months. "Get four bits a day." (fifty cents) Works ten hours. This was the only mill that I found in Beaumont that employed boys - likely because they are located some distance out of town.  Location: Beaumont, Texas.

Dangerous work. Charlie McBride (said twelve years old). This twelve y...

Picryl description: Public domain image of child labor, exploitation, children workers, economic conditions, free to use, no copyright restrictions.

Workers in Miller & Vidor Lumber Co. Dangerous work. Charlie McBride said twelve years old. This twelve year old boy has a steady job. He takes the slabs out of the chute which has a moving endless chain to carry the wood up the chute. He passes the slabs on to the other boy who saws them on an inguarded [i.e., unguarded] circular saw. Charlie runs the saw himself whenever he gets the chance. He is exposed not only to the above dangers, but to the weather - no roof even. Has been here for some months. "Get four bits a day" (fifty cents). Works ten hours. This was the only mill that I found around Beaumont that employed boys likely because they are located some distance out of town.  Location: Beaumont, Texas.

Workers in Miller & Vidor Lumber Co. Dangerous work. Charlie McBride s...

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Same group as #2595. These boys and many others work late every week night, they said, usually until midnight. On Saturday most of the day and also night. Air is bad; associations are bad, the long hours and confinement are bad. One of the boys told me he was 10 yrs. old, five boys told me 11 years old, three boys told me 12 years old and I could not question many. Late Saturday night, I counted one boy of 10 years, five of 11 years, nineteen boys apparently 12 and 13 years old.  Location: Lowell, Massachusetts.

Same group as #2595. These boys and many others work late every week n...

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These are all breaker-boys. (See photos taken at Ewen Breaker, later.) They were very suspicious of my motives. Sam Bellom (boy on left end of photo), 58 Pine Street. Been working in breaker #9 for two years, he says. He says, also, that he is 14 years old, but does not appear to be? Sam Topent (next to Bellom), 52 Pine Street. Been working at Ewen Breaker two years. Said, "I'm fourteen years, an' if you don' believe me, I kin show you de proofs." (They were all suspicious.) This boy had told the School Principal the other day that he was 13 years old, which may be too high. James Ritz (in middle), 28 Pine Street. Been working one year at Ewen Breaker. Said "14 years old," but this is unbelievable. Mikey Captan (small boy on James' left) 45 Pine St. Been working one year at Ewen Breaker, said he was 12 years old, but doesn't appear to be that. Tony Captan (right end of photo), 45 Pine St. Been working in Ewen Breaker one year. I found these boys and many others, working at Ewen Breaker, and photographed them (see photos). Boy on extreme right end of photo is Jo Topent, 52 Pine St. Been working at Ewen Breaker two years. Said he was 14 years old but does not appear to be. He was very suspicious of me and refused to be in first photo.  Location: Pittston, Pennsylvania.

These are all breaker-boys. (See photos taken at Ewen Breaker, later.)...

Picryl description: Public domain photograph of child, child labor, farmer, early 20th-century farm, free to use, no copyright restrictions.

Manuel Sousa and family, 306-2[nd] St., On right end is brother-in-law; next [to] him is father who works on the river; next is Manuel (appears to be 12 years old) wearing sweater and has arms folded, he has been a cleaner in the Holmes Cotton Mill for two years. John, Manuel's brother (next to him in photo) works in City Cotton Mill. Next is sister. At left of end is cousin. Small fry sprinkled around. All are very illiterate. John and Manuel are the only ones who can speak English and they only a little.  Location: New Bedford, Massachusetts.

Manuel Sousa and family, 306-2[nd] St., On right end is brother-in-law...

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Monongah Glass Co., Fairmont, West Virginia. Jo Before a glass wks boy going home, 5 P.M. He says he is 12 years old, and has been at it one year: is a "ketchin-up-boy" $.70 a day: says glass business is all right. Asked if he was going to be a glassblower when he grows up, he said "Sure!" (See 185) Goes to school during school term: asked is [sic] he had to, he answered "Don't unless I want to" asked why he went then, said "Want to learns something." 1908.  Location: Fairmont, West Virginia.

Monongah Glass Co., Fairmont, West Virginia. Jo Before a glass wks boy...

An old black and white photo of a young boy. Public domain portrait photograph, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

Basil Roberts and James Hopper, both 12 years old, go to school when in session and work at Coleman Bros. Zinc Mine, Aurora, Mo., Saturdays and holidays, culling "waste" from the zinc ore on the "dumps." Their fathers work in zinc mines nearby. These boys told me no boys were permitted to work down in the mines, and said they were the boys working in the vicinity; which seemed to be about true.  Location: Aurora, Missouri.

Basil Roberts and James Hopper, both 12 years old, go to school when i...

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Family of Adrienne Pagnette: The three standing in front row are Adrienne, Anna and Francis. Adrienne, an adolescent French Illiterate. Speaks almost no English. Is probably 14 or 15. Doffs on top floor spinning room of Glenallen Mill. Anna, said she was 12 years old and helped older sister in Mill. Been at it all summer. She stands next Adrienne. Francis, has regular job doffing (see photo 239[...] [i.e., 2399?]). Says he is 15 but Mr. Hine Doubted it. Family consists of 17 members, 8 or 10 of them in the mill; almost every one of them illiterate. Stooping, reaching and pushing heavy boxes is bad for young girl adolescent.  Location: Winchendon, Massachusetts.

Family of Adrienne Pagnette: The three standing in front row are Adrie...

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John Lewis (boy with hat) 12 years old. 1 year in mill. Weaver--4 looms. 40 cts. to start, 60 cents a day now. Brother and mother in mill. Morris Small (boy with cap) "Reckon I been in mill 2 yrs. Don't remember." Witness S.R. Hine.  Location: Chester, South Carolina.

John Lewis (boy with hat) 12 years old. 1 year in mill. Weaver--4 loom...

Picryl description: Public domain photograph of child, child labor, farmer, early 20th-century farm, free to use, no copyright restrictions.

In a saloon doorway at 8:30 P.M. Left to right: George Cappello, 12 years old, 270 Jay Street. Frank Laporter, 13 years old, 47 Third Avenue.  Location: Utica, New York (State)

In a saloon doorway at 8:30 P.M. Left to right: George Cappello, 12 ye...

Picryl description: Public domain image of child labor, exploitation, children workers, economic conditions, free to use, no copyright restrictions.

Picryl description: Public domain image of byciclyst, bike, bicycle wheel, sport event, free to use, no copyright restrictions.

Picryl description: Public domain image of byciclyst, bike, bicycle wh...

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Manuel Oliver, George St., is small boy to left of dry works in carding room. Seems surely only 12 years old.  Location: Fall River, Massachusetts.

Manuel Oliver, George St., is small boy to left of dry works in cardin...

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Tolar, Hart and Holt Mills. All the children went in when the whistle blew, and I saw most of them at work the next day when I went through the spinning room at 10 A.M. Some of them are surely under 12 years old.  Location: Fayetteville, North Carolina.

Tolar, Hart and Holt Mills. All the children went in when the whistle ...

Picryl description: Public domain image of child labor, exploitation, children workers, economic conditions, free to use, no copyright restrictions.

"Champeen" indian club swinger. Washington, D.C., Sept. 13. After 35 years of "swinging" Detective Sergeant Richard "Dick" Cox of the Washington Police Department, has been crowned champion Indian Club Swinger of the World. He was awarded the honor in New York City after competing with other experts for the title left vacant by the recent death Gus Hill, well known sportsman and promoter. After being given up as a hopeless case because of lung trouble when he was 12 years old, Cox was started at his "swinging" by his father. A few months later, Dick had not only rid himself of the lung trouble but had given his first performance. 9/13/37

"Champeen" indian club swinger. Washington, D.C., Sept. 13. After 35 y...

Public domain photograph of Washington DC, 1910s-1920s America, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

Going back to work. Youngest boy is Richard Millsap. The family record in bible says he is 11 years old - born Jan 22, 1903 (doubtful), and father says 12 years old. He appears to be under 9. Works every day at spinning, and has been working for some weeks. Boss saw investigator photographing him and whistled to him to get out. This photograph was gotten as he went in to work. Then boss took him off his regular job and put him helping others. Mother was furious at boss for not giving Richard and sister (a little older) more steady work. "He keeps changin em around and helpin others. I'll tell him that if he doesn't give em plenty of work there is plenty of mills that will." Father and mother both well and able to support family.  Location: Opelika, Alabama.

Going back to work. Youngest boy is Richard Millsap. The family record...

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John Dempsey (looked 11 or 12) years old. Said he helped only on Saturdays. Jackson Mill, Fiskeville, R. I. (One of the B. B. and R. Knight mills). He was working faithfully in the mule-spinning room, a dangerous place for boys. I found no others below 14 in this mill,.  Location: Fiskeville, Rhode Island.

John Dempsey (looked 11 or 12) years old. Said he helped only on Satur...

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[Group containing the following boys who work in the Sagamore Mfg. Company, Fall River. Manuel Corieiia [i.e., Correira] , 144 Cove St., works in Spinning room on top floor. Said, "I only help mother." He was apparently 13 or 14. Manuel Oliver, George Street, works in card room. Seems surely only 12 years old. Manuel Benevirdes, 30 Otto Street, works on top floor. Manuel Rage, 51 George Street, works in spinning room on fourth floor. John Oliver, 93 Slater Street, works in spinning room on third floor. Joseph Ariuda, 23 Shorr Street, works in spinning room on third floor.]  Location: Fall River, Massachusetts.

[Group containing the following boys who work in the Sagamore Mfg. Com...

Public domain image of an industrial building, factory, structure, works, 19th-20th century industrial revolution, free to use, no copyright restrictions - Picryl description

Dangerous work. Charlie McBride. Said twelve years old. This twelve year old boy has a steady job with the Miller & Vidor Lumber Company. He takes slabs out of a chute which has a moving endless chain to carry the wood up the chute. He passes the slabs onto the other boy who saws them on an unguarded circular saw. Charlie runs the saw himself whenever he gets the chance. He is exposed not only to the above danger, but to the weather - no roof even. Has been here for some months. "Get four bits a day." Fifty cents. Works ten hours. This was the only mill that I found around Beaumont that employed boys, likely because they are located some distance out of town.  Location: Beaumont, Texas.

Dangerous work. Charlie McBride. Said twelve years old. This twelve ye...

Picryl description: Public domain image of an industrial building, factory, workshop, workers, 20th century, free to use, no copyright restrictions.

Harry and Sallie. Driver in Maryland Coal Co. Mine, near Sand Lick, Grafton, West Virginia. Was afraid to be photo'd because we might make him go to school. Probably 12 years old.  Location: Grafton, West Virginia.

Harry and Sallie. Driver in Maryland Coal Co. Mine, near Sand Lick, Gr...

Picryl description: Public domain photograph of child, child labor, farmer, early 20th-century farm, free to use, no copyright restrictions.

A Saturday ball game. Springstein Mills, Chester, S.C. Boy with glove, Malcom Rogers. (See photo 329). Next to him - Ben Deaton--12 years old. 52 inches high. Weaver. Runs 6 looms at $1.00 a day. 2 years in mill. I asked him if it wasn't hard work. "Hardest part if it is I have to stretch so much to reach up." (Tallest boy) John Lewis--12 years old. 1 yr. in mill. Weaves--4 looms. Got 40 cents to start. 60 cents now a day. Brother and father in mills. Nov. 28/08 Witness Sara R. Hine.  Location: Chester, South Carolina / Photo by Lewis W. Hine.

A Saturday ball game. Springstein Mills, Chester, S.C. Boy with glove,...

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Group of doffers and spinners working in Roanoke Cotton Mills (Virginia) I counted seven apparently under fourteen and three under twelve years old.  Location: Roanoke, Virginia.

Group of doffers and spinners working in Roanoke Cotton Mills (Virgini...

Picryl description: Public domain image of child labor, exploitation, children workers, economic conditions, free to use, no copyright restrictions.

Carmela Picciano, 311 E. 149th St., 3[rd] fl[oor] rear. 12 years old. Making Irish lace for collars. Works until 9 P.M. sometimes. Dirty kitchen.  Location: New York, New York (State)

Carmela Picciano, 311 E. 149th St., 3[rd] fl[oor] rear. 12 years old. ...

Picryl description: Public domain image of child labor, exploitation, children workers, economic conditions, free to use, no copyright restrictions.

Photos taken during noon hour, October 23rd, 1912, at the Loray Mills, Gastonia, N.C. They said they were working and went in to work. At night I counted over thirty children coming out when the whistle blew, and they seemed to be from ten to twelve years old. The Superintendent was much disturbed over the photos.  Location: Gastonia, North Carolina.

Photos taken during noon hour, October 23rd, 1912, at the Loray Mills,...

Picryl description: Public domain image of child labor, exploitation, children workers, economic conditions, free to use, no copyright restrictions.

A part of the Hopkins family. All of these (and "except the least one") in the mill. Belton Mfg. Co. The two girls together run 10 sides $1.10 a day. The little girl apparently not 12 years old couldn't write her name. The next to the smallest boy doesn't appear to be 12 years makes 50 cents a day sweeping. 3 others not in the photo, work. The mother showed me the family record of the older half of the family. "The other list got destroyed." (Queer.)  Location: Belton, South Carolina.

A part of the Hopkins family. All of these (and "except the least one"...

Picryl description: Public domain image of girl workers, child labor, working children, economic conditions, free to use, no copyright restrictions.

Photos taken during noon hour, October 23rd, 1912, at the Loray Mills, Gastonia, N.C. They said they were working and went in to work. At night I counted over thirty children coming out when the whistle blew, and they seemed to be from ten to twelve years old. The Superintendent was much disturbed over the photos.  Location: Gastonia, North Carolina.

Photos taken during noon hour, October 23rd, 1912, at the Loray Mills,...

Picryl description: Public domain photograph of child, child labor, farmer, early 20th-century farm, free to use, no copyright restrictions.

United Textile Workers Union elects new chief. Washington, D.C., May 10. Councile M. Fox, 36, newly elected President of the United Textile Workers Union, and Francis Gorman, former president who resigned. Fox has been a textile worker since he was 12 years old, and took the election by unanimous vote. He is shown here receiving some pointers from Gorman

United Textile Workers Union elects new chief. Washington, D.C., May 1...

A couple of men sitting at a table. Public domain portrait photograph, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

Maple Mill, Dillon, S.C. Bertie Collins (girl). Has been spinning 3 years. Runs 6 sides 60 cents a day. Rudolph Collins. Has doffed 3 years. Is 12 years old. Three others will join the ranks soon as they grow a bit.  Location: Dillon, South Carolina.

Maple Mill, Dillon, S.C. Bertie Collins (girl). Has been spinning 3 ye...

Picryl description: Public domain photograph of child, child labor, farmer, early 20th-century farm, free to use, no copyright restrictions.

Alber Therien at right end of picture, 30 Salem Street, appears 13 years old, has been 4 weeks in spinning room No. 9, on the fourth floor of the Lawrence mills. Joseph Guerard, left hand end of picture, 21 Perkins Street, appears 12 years old, has worked 12 months. Neither speaks nor understands English.  Location: Lowell, Massachusetts.

Alber Therien at right end of picture, 30 Salem Street, appears 13 yea...

Picryl description: Public domain image of boy workers, child labor, working children, economic conditions, free to use, no copyright restrictions.

Basil Roberts and James Hopper, both 12 years old, go to school when in session and work at Coleman Bros. Zinc Mine, Aurora, Mo., Saturdays and holidays, culling "waste" from the zinc ore on the "dumps." Their fathers work in zinc mines nearby. These boys told me no boys were permitted to work down in the mines, and said they were the boys working in the vicinity; which seemed to be about true.  Location: Aurora, Missouri.

Basil Roberts and James Hopper, both 12 years old, go to school when i...

Picryl description: Public domain image of a mine, mining, free to use, no copyright restrictions.

Alfred Beniot, 191 North St. Sweeper in Bennett Mill, in spinning room #2 has been there two months; seemed to be 11 yrs. old. Alfred recorded as 12 years old.  Location: New Bedford, Massachusetts.

Alfred Beniot, 191 North St. Sweeper in Bennett Mill, in spinning room...

Picryl description: Public domain image of boy workers, child labor, working children, economic conditions, free to use, no copyright restrictions.

Golla Chambers, House 38 Loray Mill, Gastonia, N.C. 12 years old. In mill 3 years, spinning 2 years, weaver 1 year. Other sisters spinners.  Location: Gastonia, North Carolina.

Golla Chambers, House 38 Loray Mill, Gastonia, N.C. 12 years old. In m...

Picryl description: Public domain image of girl workers, child labor, working children, economic conditions, free to use, no copyright restrictions.

Eugene Bell, House 48 Loray Mill. Said he was 12 years old. (question). "Leastwise that's what mother says." (I am convinced that many children believe they are as old as they say they are,--their parents have misstated their ages so long.) Worked most two years--sweeping.  Location: Gastonia, North Carolina.

Eugene Bell, House 48 Loray Mill. Said he was 12 years old. (question)...

Picryl description: Public domain vintage artistic photograph, free to use, no copyright restrictions image.

Boss of this bog and his wife and two little children picking. Nine out of the seventy workers were from 6 to 12 years old. Mostly Syrians from Boston and Providence.  Location: East Wareham [vicinity] - Maple Park Bog, Massachusetts.

Boss of this bog and his wife and two little children picking. Nine ou...

Picryl description: Public domain vintage artistic photograph, free to use, no copyright restrictions image.

Oyster fishing on the reef. Found a few young boys about 12 years old, but not many.  Location: Mobile Bay, Alabama.

Oyster fishing on the reef. Found a few young boys about 12 years old,...

Picryl description: Public domain image of a fishing boat, free to use, no copyright restrictions.

[Leopoldo Andreoli, 208 Elm St. Very young--appears 11 or 12 years old. Is a "Loom boy" in spinning room of the Ayer Mill; has a steady job now and makes $5.15 a week now.]  Location: Lawrence, Massachusetts.

[Leopoldo Andreoli, 208 Elm St. Very young--appears 11 or 12 years old...

Picryl description: Public domain image of boy workers, child labor, working children, economic conditions, free to use, no copyright restrictions.

Vitto Romano, 76 Charter Street, Boston, Massachusetts., carrying load of garments from 30 Blackstone Street. Said 12 years old and that only his mother finishes them.  Location: Boston, Massachusettsachusetts.

Vitto Romano, 76 Charter Street, Boston, Massachusetts., carrying load...

Picryl description: Public domain image of child labor, exploitation, children workers, economic conditions, free to use, no copyright restrictions.

2 violations. Simon Birdsong (left hand boy) said: "I'm about 12." His mother said: "He's old enough to work all right," but the boy admitted that she had to sign up that he was older than he was. He appears to be 10. Has had job doffing for several weeks. Could not write his own name. Has had no schooling after the 1st grade. Wylie Haw (right hand boy). Mother says he is 12 years old now. Been working 1 year. She is a widow.  Location: Roanoke Rapids, North Carolina.

2 violations. Simon Birdsong (left hand boy) said: "I'm about 12." His...

Picryl description: Public domain image of boy workers, child labor, working children, economic conditions, free to use, no copyright restrictions.

Archie Haydon, 12 years old helping his father, John A. Haydon worm tobacco. Father says their school (Cerulean) was not opened until the first Monday in September on account of so many children needed for work.  Location: Trigg County--Cerulean, Kentucky / Lewis W. Hine.

Archie Haydon, 12 years old helping his father, John A. Haydon worm to...

Picryl description: Public domain photograph of farming, farmer, agriculture, 20th-century, free to use, no copyright restrictions.

4 p.m. Morrison Foster, 37 Anderson Street. Said he was 12 years old, and sells papers from 4 to 6 p.m. daily. No badge visible--pinned inside pocket. Near South Station.  Boston, Massachusetts / Lewis W. Hine.

4 p.m. Morrison Foster, 37 Anderson Street. Said he was 12 years old, ...

Picryl description: Public domain image of child labor, exploitation, children workers, economic conditions, free to use, no copyright restrictions.

Luther Dories. Been doffing some months in Spinning Room #2, Massachusett[s] Mills, Lindale, Ga. Said 12 years old, but very doubtful. Father and brother work.  Location: Lindale, Georgia.

Luther Dories. Been doffing some months in Spinning Room #2, Massachus...

An old photo of a young boy standing in front of a house. Public domain portrait photograph, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

Joseph Boucher, 472 Moody, smallest boy in picture, appears 12 years old. Works in the mill-room. His father is boss of another room. Frank Matley next in right end of picture lives at 25 Rod St., been in mill-room No. 12 for 1 1/2 years.  Location: Lowell, Massachusetts.

Joseph Boucher, 472 Moody, smallest boy in picture, appears 12 years o...

Picryl description: Public domain image of boy workers, child labor, working children, economic conditions, free to use, no copyright restrictions.

These are all breaker-boys. (See photos taken at Ewen Breaker, later.) They were very suspicious of my motives. Sam Bellom (boy on left end of photo), 58 Pine Street. Been working in breaker #9 for two years, he says. He says, also, that he is 14 years old, but does not appear to be? Sam Topent (next to Bellom), 52 Pine Street. Been working at Ewen Breaker two years. Said, "I'm fourteen years, an' if you don' believe me, I kin show you de proofs." (They were all suspicious.) This boy had told the School Principal the other day that he was 13 years old, which may be too high. James Ritz (in middle), 28 Pine Street. Been working one year at Ewen Breaker. Said "14 years old," but this is unbelievable. Mikey Captan (small boy on James' left) 45 Pine St. Been working one year at Ewen Breaker, said he was 12 years old, but doesn't appear to be that. Tony Captan (right end of photo), 45 Pine St. Been working in Ewen Breaker one year. I found these boys and many others, working at Ewen Breaker, and photographed them (see photos). Boy on extreme right end of photo is Jo Topent, 52 Pine St. Been working at Ewen Breaker two years. Said he was 14 years old but does not appear to be. He was very suspicious of me and refused to be in first photo.  Location: Pittston, Pennsylvania.

These are all breaker-boys. (See photos taken at Ewen Breaker, later.)...

Public domain image of an industrial building, factory, structure, works, 19th-20th century industrial revolution, free to use, no copyright restrictions - Picryl description

Thomas Alverriere in front row left hand of picture, 42 Prince street, appears 12 years old, has done one year of work here. Speaks no English. Alderio (or Alden) Sylvester, (next to Thomas) 210 Moody St. Works in spinning room. Majorique Boncalir [i.e., Bonclair] (in middle of front row), 42 Prince St., been in the spinning room 3 years. Cannot spell name of the mill. Said she [i.e., he] was 11 yrs. old. Location: Lowell, Massachusetts.

Thomas Alverriere in front row left hand of picture, 42 Prince street,...

Picryl description: Public domain image of a child labor, factory, plant, manufacture, industrial facility, early 20th-century industrial architecture, free to use, no copyright restrictions.

Rush Merrill, Loray Mill, Gastonia, N.C. 12 years old. Been in mill 3 years Doffer. Gets 75 cents a day. Said sometimes gets 3 to 5 hours a day resting between times.  Location: Gastonia, North Carolina.

Rush Merrill, Loray Mill, Gastonia, N.C. 12 years old. Been in mill 3 ...

An old photo of a young boy in overalls. Public domain portrait photograph, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

One of the little spinners in Amoskeag Mfg. Company, Manchester, N.H. She was about 48 inches high and about 11 or 12 years old.  Location: Manchester, New Hampshire.

One of the little spinners in Amoskeag Mfg. Company, Manchester, N.H. ...

Picryl description: Public domain image of girl workers, child labor, working children, economic conditions, free to use, no copyright restrictions.

School house in which Admiral Dewey was a pupil until he was 12 years old

School house in which Admiral Dewey was a pupil until he was 12 years ...

Public domain photograph of house building, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

Mamie Witt. Runs one side in Roanoke Cotton Mills, Roanoke, Virginia She is twelve years old and helps support an able-bodied, dependent father. (see photo 2160).  Location: Roanoke, Virginia.

Mamie Witt. Runs one side in Roanoke Cotton Mills, Roanoke, Virginia S...

Picryl description: Public domain image of a factory worker, plant, manufacture, assembly line, industrial facility, early 20th-century industrial architecture, free to use, no copyright restrictions. show less

Wilbur Gold, Western Union Messenger #14, twelve years old; works until 11 P.M. usually, but all night when they are busy. (See report of L.W.H.)  Location: Tampa, Florida.

Wilbur Gold, Western Union Messenger #14, twelve years old; works unti...

Picryl description: Public domain image of child labor, exploitation, children workers, economic conditions, free to use, no copyright restrictions.

[Alfred Beniot, 191 North St. Sweeper in Bennett Mill, in spinning room #2 has been there two months; seemed to be 11 yrs. old. Alfred recorded as 12 years old.]  Location: [New Bedford, Massachusetts].

[Alfred Beniot, 191 North St. Sweeper in Bennett Mill, in spinning roo...

Picryl description: Public domain image of boy workers, child labor, working children, economic conditions, free to use, no copyright restrictions.

Same group as #2595. These boys and many others work late every week night, they said, usually until midnight. On Saturday most of the day and also night. Air is bad; associations are bad, the long hours and confinement are bad. One of the boys told me he was 10 yrs. old, five boys told me 11 years old, three boys told me 12 years old and I could not question many. Late Saturday night, I counted one boy of 10 years, five of 11 years, nineteen boys apparently 12 and 13 years old.  Location: Lowell, Massachusetts.

Same group as #2595. These boys and many others work late every week n...

Public domain photograph - historical image of Massachusetts, United States, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

Joseph Boucher, 472 Moody, smallest boy in picture, appears 12 years old. Works in the mill-room. His father is boss of another room. Frank Matley next in right end of picture lives at 25 Rod St., been in mill-room No. 12 for 1 1/2 years.  Location: Lowell, Massachusetts.

Joseph Boucher, 472 Moody, smallest boy in picture, appears 12 years o...

Picryl description: Public domain photograph group portrait, free to use, no copyright restrictions.

Compare ages: Veronica Mikula, says 12 years old, 93 N. Front St., Steven Mikula, (in mill) says 15 years, appears less than 14. Photo taken in spare unused room too cold to warm. They crowd together in kitchen.  Location: New Bedford, Massachusetts.

Compare ages: Veronica Mikula, says 12 years old, 93 N. Front St., Ste...

Picryl description: Public domain image of children, kids, free to use, no copyright restrictions.

Alexander Durand, 35 Tucker Street, next boy in middle of picture appears 12 years old. Is in mill room No. 2. Joseph Courtois, 33 Tucker St., at the right Alex. appears about 13 years old. Works in the spinning room. Majorie Bonclair, at left of Alex. see 2592.  Location: Lowell, Massachusetts.

Alexander Durand, 35 Tucker Street, next boy in middle of picture appe...

Picryl description: Public domain image of a child labor, factory, plant, manufacture, industrial facility, early 20th-century industrial architecture, free to use, no copyright restrictions.

Alber Therien at right end of picture, 30 Salem Street, appears 13 years old, has been 4 weeks in spinning room No. 9, on the fourth floor of the Lawrence mills. Joseph Guerard, left hand end of picture, 21 Perkins Street, appears 12 years old, has worked 12 months. Neither speaks nor understands English.  Location: Lowell, Massachusetts.

Alber Therien at right end of picture, 30 Salem Street, appears 13 yea...

Picryl description: Public domain image of boy workers, child labor, working children, economic conditions, free to use, no copyright restrictions.

Dangerous work. Charlie McBride. Said twelve years old. This twelve year old boy has a steady job with the Miller and Vidor Lumber Company. He takes slabs out of the chute, which has a moving endless chain to carry the wood up the chute. He passes the slabs on to the other boy who saws them off on an unguarded circular saw. Charlie runs the saw himself whenever he gets the chance. He is exposed not only to the above dangers, but to the weather. No roof even. Has been here for some months. "Get four bits a day." (Fifty cents.) Works ten hours. This was the only mill that I found around Beaumont that employed boys. Likely because they are located some distance out of town.  Location: Beaumont, Texas.

Dangerous work. Charlie McBride. Said twelve years old. This twelve ye...

Picryl description: Public domain image of child labor, exploitation, children workers, economic conditions, free to use, no copyright restrictions.

Fursen[?] Owens 12 years old. Can't read. Don't know A, B, C's. "Yes I want to learn but I can't when I work all the time." Been in mills 4 years, 3 years in Olympia Mill, Columbia, S.C. and 1 year here. (See photo 556).  Location: Augusta, Georgia.

Fursen[?] Owens 12 years old. Can't read. Don't know A, B, C's. "Yes I...

Picryl description: Public domain photograph of child, child labor, farmer, early 20th-century farm, free to use, no copyright restrictions.

Photos taken during noon hour, October 23rd, 1912, at the Loray Mills, Gastonia, N.C. They said they were working and went in to work. At night I counted over thirty children coming out when the whistle blew, and they seemed to be from ten to twelve years old. The Superintendent was much disturbed over the photos.  Location: Gastonia, North Carolina.

Photos taken during noon hour, October 23rd, 1912, at the Loray Mills,...

Picryl description: Public domain image of child labor, exploitation, children workers, economic conditions, free to use, no copyright restrictions.

Gizzi family, 175 Sullivan St., 3:30 P.M. Make little roses which are easier than violets, but bring only 9 cents gross. Left to right: Leo, 11 years old. Louise 14 years old. Jose 12 years old. Work after school and Saturday.  Location: New York, New York (State)

Gizzi family, 175 Sullivan St., 3:30 P.M. Make little roses which are ...

Public domain photograph related to child labor, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

Smallest is Anatole Gernon, Maple St. Apparently 11 or 12 years old. Doffs on top floor spinning room of Glenallen Mill. Speaks no English.  Location: Winchendon, Massachusetts.

Smallest is Anatole Gernon, Maple St. Apparently 11 or 12 years old. D...

Picryl description: Public domain vintage artistic photograph, free to use, no copyright restrictions image.

[Interior of workshop of Sanitary Ice Cream Cone Co. See 4830. Boys packing cones are John Myers, 14 years old and a boy 12 years old who is working steady now. Boss said: "He said he wasn't going to school so I took him." See 4830.]  Location: [Oklahoma City, Oklahoma] / [Lewis W. Hine]

[Interior of workshop of Sanitary Ice Cream Cone Co. See 4830. Boys pa...

Picryl description: Public domain image of a factory worker, plant, manufacture, assembly line, industrial facility, early 20th-century industrial architecture, free to use, no copyright restrictions. show less

[John Dempsey (looked 11 or 12) years old. Said he helped only on Saturdays. Jackson Mill, Fiskeville, R. I. (One of the B. B. and R. Knight mills). He was working faithfully in the mule-spinning room, a dangerous place for boys. I found no others below 14 in this mill,].  Location: Fiskeville, Rhode Island.

[John Dempsey (looked 11 or 12) years old. Said he helped only on Satu...

Picryl description: Public domain image of an industrial building, factory, workshop, workers, 19th-20th century, free to use, no copyright restrictions.

Interior of workshop of Sanitary Ice Cream Cone Co. See 4830. Boys packing cones are John Myers, 14 years old (see 4830) and a boy 12 years old who is working steady now. Boss said: "He said he wasn't going to school so I took him."  Location: Oklahoma City, Oklahoma / Lewis W. Hine.

Interior of workshop of Sanitary Ice Cream Cone Co. See 4830. Boys pac...

Picryl description: Public domain image of child labor, exploitation, children workers, economic conditions, free to use, no copyright restrictions.

Closing hour, Loray Mill, Gastonia, N.C. One of the smallest boys said he had been in mill 2 or 3 years (and is 12 years old).  Location: Gastonia, North Carolina.

Closing hour, Loray Mill, Gastonia, N.C. One of the smallest boys said...

Public domain image of an industrial building, factory, structure, works, 19th-20th century industrial revolution, free to use, no copyright restrictions - Picryl description

Maple Mill, Dillon, S.C. Bertie Collins (girl). Has been spinning 3 years. Runs 6 sides 60 cents a day. Rudolph Collins. Has doffed 3 years. Is 12 years old. Three others will join the ranks soon as they grow a bit.  Location: Dillon, South Carolina.

Maple Mill, Dillon, S.C. Bertie Collins (girl). Has been spinning 3 ye...

Picryl description: Public domain photograph of child, child labor, farmer, early 20th-century farm, free to use, no copyright restrictions.

Monongah Glass Co., Fairmont, West Virginia. Jo Before a glass wks boy going home, 5 P.M. He says he is 12 years old, and has been at it one year: is a "ketchin-up-boy" $.70 a day: says glass business is all right. Asked if he was going to be a glassblower when he grows up, he said "Sure!" (See 185) Goes to school during school term: asked is [sic] he had to, he answered "Don't unless I want to" asked why he went then, said "Want to learns something." 1908.  Location: Fairmont, West Virginia.

Monongah Glass Co., Fairmont, West Virginia. Jo Before a glass wks boy...

Picryl description: Public domain image of boy workers, child labor, working children, economic conditions, free to use, no copyright restrictions.

Thomas Alverriere in front row left hand of picture, 42 Prince street, appears 12 years old, has done one year of work here. Speaks no English. Alderio (or Alden) Sylvester, (next to Thomas) 210 Moody St. Works in spinning room. Majorique Boncalir [i.e., Bonclair] (in middle of front row), 42 Prince St., been in the spinning room 3 years. Cannot spell name of the mill. Said she [i.e., he] was 11 yrs. old. Location: Lowell, Massachusetts.

Thomas Alverriere in front row left hand of picture, 42 Prince street,...

Picryl description: Public domain image of boy workers, child labor, working children, economic conditions, free to use, no copyright restrictions.

Whitnel Cotton Mfg. Co., Whitnel, N.C. Running at night. Out of 50 employees there, 10 were about 12 years old, and some surely under that. See photos #435 and 436.  Location: Whitnel, North Carolina.

Whitnel Cotton Mfg. Co., Whitnel, N.C. Running at night. Out of 50 emp...

Public domain photograph of industrial architecture, factory building, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

The only photo of the mill children I could get. The superintendent was too suspicious. Many young girls and boys in there on day shift. Some below 12 years old went in on night shift.  Location: High Shoals Mills, North Carolina.

The only photo of the mill children I could get. The superintendent wa...

Picryl description: Public domain image of child labor, exploitation, children workers, economic conditions, free to use, no copyright restrictions.

Mendelssohn at 12 years old - Public domain portrait engraving

Mendelssohn at 12 years old - Public domain portrait engraving

Public domain reproduction of German art print, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

Noon ball game. Boys working at the Priscilla Knitting Mills. Meridian, Miss. Some of the youngest workers are: Kendall Hoffer, 4 Ave. & C St., said was 12 yrs. old and makes $3 to $5 a week. Sam. Mc Adams, A St., 12 years old. Working a long time. Makes a dollar a day some times. Tom Brantley, 7th Ave., said 13 years old, but like the rest he did not appear to be. Irving Williams said he was 15, but? Boys all said none under 12 can work.  Location: Meridian, Mississippi.

Noon ball game. Boys working at the Priscilla Knitting Mills. Meridian...

Picryl description: Public domain photograph group portrait, free to use, no copyright restrictions.

Carrie Maderyos ready to pick. Said 12 years old - 2nd year picking.  Location: Falmouth [vicinity] - Swift's Bog, Massachusetts.

Carrie Maderyos ready to pick. Said 12 years old - 2nd year picking. ...

Picryl description: Public domain photograph of child, child labor, farmer, early 20th-century farm, free to use, no copyright restrictions.

Joe Rose. Dumps cranberries for his father. Said he was 11 years old. Lived at Hourwich, Massachusetts. 7 out of 57 workers were 6 to 12 years old. Working from 9 a.m. til 5 p.m. they said.  Location: Hollow Branch Bog, near Wareham, Massachusettsachusetts.

Joe Rose. Dumps cranberries for his father. Said he was 11 years old. ...

Picryl description: Public domain photograph of child, child labor, farmer, early 20th-century farm, free to use, no copyright restrictions.

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