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A boy who said eleven years old (apparently less) and that he was a sweeper in Loray Cotton Mills, Gastonia, N.C., during the past summer. Location: Gastonia, North Carolina

A boy who said eleven years old (apparently less) and that he was a sw...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Mills. Hine no. 3077. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Divisio... More

Closing hour, Loray Mill, Gastonia, N.C. One of the smallest boys said he had been in mill 2 or 3 years (and is 12 years old). Location: Gastonia, North Carolina

Closing hour, Loray Mill, Gastonia, N.C. One of the smallest boys said...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Mills. Hine no. 261. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division... More

Ozark Mill, Gastonia, N.C. Work 12 hours at a stretch. No special time off to eat. "Eat a-workin'." 9:00 P.M. Friday, Nov. 6, 1908. Mill was running. Location: Gastonia, North Carolina Photo by Lewis W. Hine

Ozark Mill, Gastonia, N.C. Work 12 hours at a stretch. No special time...

Title from NCLC caption card. In album: Mills. Hine no. 285. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division. General information about the National ... More

Aven Mill, Gastonia, N.C. Work 12 hours without any stop for lunch. "Eat a-workin." 8:30 P.M. Friday. Mill running nights. Location: Gastonia, North Carolina / Photo by Lewis W. Hine., Nov. 6, 1908.

Aven Mill, Gastonia, N.C. Work 12 hours without any stop for lunch. "E...

Picryl description: Public domain image of railroad tracks, railway, train car, free to use, no copyright restrictions.

Photos taken during noon hour, October 23rd, 1912, at the Loray Mills, Gastonia, N.C. They said they were working and went in to work. At night I counted over thirty children coming out when the whistle blew, and they seemed to be from ten to twelve years old. The Superintendent was much disturbed over the photos. Location: Gastonia, North Carolina

Photos taken during noon hour, October 23rd, 1912, at the Loray Mills,...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Mills. Hine no. 3082. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Divisio... More

Lacy (12 yrs. old) and Savannah (11 yrs old) Have worked two years. Father said "The little one is a cracker jack on spinnin', at least so the boss says. She ain't satisfied unless in the mill. The oldest one isn't so good at it. Not as quick." (Note the tense, serious looks on the younger. Older one more like a real girl.) Location: Gastonia, North Carolina

Lacy (12 yrs. old) and Savannah (11 yrs old) Have worked two years. Fa...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Miscellaneous. Hine no. 245. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs ... More

Holland Mfg. Co., Gastonia, N.C. 8:00 P.M. Mill running nights. Location: Gastonia, North Carolina Photo by Lewis W. Hine

Holland Mfg. Co., Gastonia, N.C. 8:00 P.M. Mill running nights. Locati...

Title from NCLC caption card. In album: Mills. Hine no. 287. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division. General information about the National ... More

Closing hour Loray Mill, Gastonia, N.C. November 7, 1908. Location: Gastonia, North Carolina / Photo by Lewis W. Hine.

Closing hour Loray Mill, Gastonia, N.C. November 7, 1908. Location: G...

Picryl description: Public domain image of child labor, exploitation, children workers, economic conditions, free to use, no copyright restrictions.

Bob Burton, Gastonia, N.C. 15 years old. A typical adolescent, overgrown, thin, anaemic sic. Been in mill for 8 years. Doffing still in Ozark Mills. Gastonia, North Carolina

Bob Burton, Gastonia, N.C. 15 years old. A typical adolescent, overgro...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Mills. Hine no. 240. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division... More

Orley Shrouce, 8 Ozark Mill. 10 years old. Said he worked a year, but when new law came in a while ago the mill people turned him off,--too young. "Then they came again and hired me back." Doffer--60 cents a day. Location: Gastonia, North Carolina

Orley Shrouce, 8 Ozark Mill. 10 years old. Said he worked a year, but ...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Mills. Hine no. 275. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division... More

Ozark Mill, Gastonia, N.C. Work 12 hours at a stretch. No special time off to eat. "Eat a-workin'." 9:00 P.M. Friday, Nov. 6, 1908. Mill was running. Location: Gastonia, North Carolina / Photo by Lewis W. Hine.

Ozark Mill, Gastonia, N.C. Work 12 hours at a stretch. No special time...

Picryl description: Public domain photo of a factory, warehouse, commercial or industrial building, free to use, no copyright restrictions image.

Doffers in Trenton Mills, Gastonia, N.C. Others as small and some smaller. Little girls too. Location: Gastonia, North Carolina

Doffers in Trenton Mills, Gastonia, N.C. Others as small and some smal...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Mills. Hine no. 288. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division... More

Going home from Loray Mill. Smallest boy on the right hand end, John Moore. 13 years old. Been in mill 6 years as sweeper, doffer and spinner. Location: Gastonia, North Carolina

Going home from Loray Mill. Smallest boy on the right hand end, John M...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Mills. Hine no. 259. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division... More

Closing hour Loray Mill, Gastonia, N.C. November 7, 1908. Location: Gastonia, North Carolina Photo by Lewis W. Hine

Closing hour Loray Mill, Gastonia, N.C. November 7, 1908. Location: Ga...

Title from NCLC caption card. In album: Mills. Hine no. 257. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division. General information about the National ... More

Gastonia, N.C. Boy from Loray Mill. "Been at it right smart two years." Location: Gastonia, North Carolina

Gastonia, N.C. Boy from Loray Mill. "Been at it right smart two years....

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Mills. Hine no. 248. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division... More

Girl - Baner? Carswell. Been in mill 4 years. 12 years old. Runs 6 sides = 60 cents a day. Soon will run 8 = 80 cents a day. Father said "the wife of neighbor made $7.40 last week, $1.40 more than her husband. Women and girls makes more than the men." Child 8 yrs. old helps sister. Location: Gastonia, North Carolina

Girl - Baner? Carswell. Been in mill 4 years. 12 years old. Runs 6 sid...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Mills. Hine no. 274. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division... More

Girls running warping machines in Loray mill, Gastonia, N.C. Many boys and girls much younger. Boss carefully avoided them, and when I tried to get a photo which would include a mite of a boy working at a machine, he was quickly swept out of range. "He isn't working here, just came in to help a little." Location: Gastonia, North Carolina

Girls running warping machines in Loray mill, Gastonia, N.C. Many boys...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Mills. Hine no. 246. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division... More

A few of the girls going home from Loray mill, Gastonia, N.C. Many others younger. Location: Gastonia, North Carolina

A few of the girls going home from Loray mill, Gastonia, N.C. Many oth...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Mills. Hine no. 258. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division... More

Oldest girl, Minnie Carpenter, House 53 Loray Mill, Gastonia, N.C. Spinner. Makes fifty cents a day of 10 hours. Works four sides. Younger girl works irregularly. Location: Gastonia, North Carolina

Oldest girl, Minnie Carpenter, House 53 Loray Mill, Gastonia, N.C. Spi...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Mills. Hine no. 251. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division... More

Trenton Mill, Gastonia, N.C. Tom Jenkins (left hand end) 13 years old, been in mill 3 year. Walter Jenkins, 15 years old. 4 years in mill. John Glover, (right hand) 16 years old, at mill 5 years. Closing hour, 3 p.m. Saturday, Nov. Location: Gastonia, North Carolina

Trenton Mill, Gastonia, N.C. Tom Jenkins (left hand end) 13 years old,...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Mills. Hine no. 243. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division... More

Rush Merrill, Loray Mill, Gastonia, N.C. 12 years old. Been in mill 3 years Doffer. Gets 75 cents a day. Said sometimes gets 3 to 5 hours a day resting between times. Location: Gastonia, North Carolina

Rush Merrill, Loray Mill, Gastonia, N.C. 12 years old. Been in mill 3 ...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Mills. Hine no. 260. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division... More

Gastonia, N.C. Boy on right hand works nights. Sunday, November 9 i.e. 8?, 1908. This mill was running nights at the time this photograph was taken. Location: Gastonia, North Carolina Photo by Lewis W. Hine

Gastonia, N.C. Boy on right hand works nights. Sunday, November 9 i.e....

Title from NCLC caption card. In album: Mills. Hine no. 256. Date typed over several times on caption card. Sunday was Nov. 8, according to universal calendar. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collec... More

Willie Lee, 24 Ozark Mill, Gastonia, N.C. 10 years old. Been in mill 2 months. Doffer. Location: Gastonia, North Carolina

Willie Lee, 24 Ozark Mill, Gastonia, N.C. 10 years old. Been in mill 2...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Mills. Hine no. 273. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division... More

Eugene Bell, House 48 Loray Mill. Said he was 12 years old. (question). "Leastwise that's what mother says." (I am convinced that many children believe they are as old as they say they are,--their parents have misstated their ages so long.) Worked most two years--sweeping. Location: Gastonia, North Carolina

Eugene Bell, House 48 Loray Mill. Said he was 12 years old. (question)...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Mills. Hine no. 247. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division... More

Aven Mill, Gastonia, N.C. Work 12 hours without any stop for lunch. "Eat a-workin." 8:30 P.M. Friday. Mill running nights. Location: Gastonia, North Carolina Photo by Lewis W. Hine., Nov. 6, 1908

Aven Mill, Gastonia, N.C. Work 12 hours without any stop for lunch. "E...

Title from NCLC caption card. In album: Mills. Hine no. 286. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division. General information about the National ... More

Lacy (12 yrs. old) and Savannah (11 yrs old) Have worked two years. Father said "The little one is a cracker jack on spinnin', at least so the boss says. She ain't satisfied unless in the mill. The oldest one isn't so good at it. Not as quick." (Note the tense, serious looks on the younger. Older one more like a real girl.) Location: Gastonia, North Carolina

Lacy (12 yrs. old) and Savannah (11 yrs old) Have worked two years. Fa...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Miscellaneous. Hine no. 245. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs ... More

Gastonia, N.C. Boy on right hand works nights. Sunday, November 9 [i.e., 8?], 1908. This mill was running nights at the time this photograph was taken. Location: Gastonia, North Carolina / Photo by Lewis W. Hine.

Gastonia, N.C. Boy on right hand works nights. Sunday, November 9 [i.e...

Picryl description: Public domain photograph of child, child labor, farmer, early 20th-century farm, free to use, no copyright restrictions.

Photos taken during noon hour, October 23rd, 1912, at the Loray Mills, Gastonia, N.C. They said they were working and went in to work, At night I counted over thirty children coming out when the whistle blew, and they seemed to be from ten to twelve years old. The superintendent was much disturbed over the photos. Location: Gastonia, North Carolina

Photos taken during noon hour, October 23rd, 1912, at the Loray Mills,...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Mills. Hine no. 3078. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Divisio... More

Photos taken during noon hour, October 23rd, 1912, at the Loray Mills, Gastonia, N.C. They said they were working and went in to work. At night I counted over thirty children coming out when the whistle blew, and they seemed to be from ten to twelve years old. The Superintendent was much disturbed over the photos. Location: Gastonia, North Carolina

Photos taken during noon hour, October 23rd, 1912, at the Loray Mills,...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Mills. Hine no. 3083. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Divisio... More

Boy on right Charlie Burton-9, Ozark Mill. This anaemic sic, hollow chested, stoop shouldered under-sized and weight, said--"Been in mill 6 or 7 years. 12 years old. Haint grown none for 5 years. Doff at night and get 60 cents. Couldn't stand the sweepin' at the other mill, so mother moved us over here so I could get a job at doffin'." "Night work is 12 hours at a stretch." His sister (14 years old) has been spinning for 6 years. Makes 50 cents a day. (See small photo,--Maggie Burton). No. 315. Other boy--Frank Goodson--Been in mill 6 years. This mill was running nights at the time the photograph was taken. Location: Gastonia, North Carolina

Boy on right Charlie Burton-9, Ozark Mill. This anaemic sic, hollow ch...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Mills. Hine no. 277. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division... More

Photos taken during noon hour, October 23rd, 1912, at the Loray Mills, Gastonia, N.C. They said they were working and went in to work. At night I counted over thirty children coming out when the whistle blew, and they seemed to be from ten to twelve years old. The Superintendent was much disturbed over the photos. Location: Gastonia, North Carolina

Photos taken during noon hour, October 23rd, 1912, at the Loray Mills,...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Mills. Hine no. 3084. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Divisio... More

Photos taken during noon hour, October 23rd, 1912, at the Loray Mills, Gastonia, N.C. They said they were working and went in to work. At night I counted over thirty children coming out when the whistle blew, and they seemed to be from ten to twelve years old. The Superintendent was much disturbed over the photos. Location: Gastonia, North Carolina

Photos taken during noon hour, October 23rd, 1912, at the Loray Mills,...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Mills. Hine no. 3080. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Divisio... More

Photos taken during noon hour, October 23rd, 1912, at the Loray Mills, Gastonia, N.C. They said they were working and went in to work. At night I counted over thirty children coming out when the whistle blew, and they seemed to be from ten to twelve years old. The Superintendent was much disturbed over the photos. Location: Gastonia, North Carolina

Photos taken during noon hour, October 23rd, 1912, at the Loray Mills,...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Mills. Hine no. 3085. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Divisio... More

Trenton Mill, Gastonia, N.C. Smallest boy,--Tom Jenkins. Said 13 years old. Been in mill 3 years. Brother Walter Jenkins. Said 15 years old. Been in mill four years. Location: Gastonia, North Carolina

Trenton Mill, Gastonia, N.C. Smallest boy,--Tom Jenkins. Said 13 years...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Mills. Hine no. 311. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division... More

Rush Merrill, Loray Mill, Gastonia, N.C. 12 years old. Been in mill 3 years Doffer. Gets 75 cents a day. Said sometimes gets 3 to 5 hours a day resting between times. Location: Gastonia, North Carolina

Rush Merrill, Loray Mill, Gastonia, N.C. 12 years old. Been in mill 3 ...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Mills. Hine no. 260. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division... More

Gastonia, N.C. Boy from Loray Mill. "Been at it right smart two years." Location: Gastonia, North Carolina

Gastonia, N.C. Boy from Loray Mill. "Been at it right smart two years....

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Mills. Hine no. 248. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division... More

Lea Clemner, 5 Trenton Street, Gastonia, N.C. 8 years old. Beginning to doff. Said he gets only 15 cents a day. Works part time in mill (4 days a week and part time goes to school. Query, --When?. Location: Gastonia, North Carolina

Lea Clemner, 5 Trenton Street, Gastonia, N.C. 8 years old. Beginning t...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Mills. Hine no. 314. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division... More

Golla Chambers, House 38 Loray Mill, Gastonia, N.C. 12 years old. In mill 3 years, spinning 2 years, weaver 1 year. Other sisters spinners. Location: Gastonia, North Carolina

Golla Chambers, House 38 Loray Mill, Gastonia, N.C. 12 years old. In m...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Miscellaneous. Hine no. 244. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs ... More

John Poindexter, "I'm ten years old. Helps me mommy in the spoolin' room every day," (Loray Mills, Gastonia, N.C.) Location: Gastonia, North Carolina

John Poindexter, "I'm ten years old. Helps me mommy in the spoolin' ro...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Mills. Hine no. 3079. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Divisio... More

Photos taken during noon hour, October 23rd, 1912, at the Loray Mills, Gastonia, N.C. They said they were working and went in to work. At night I counted over thirty children coming out when the whistle blew, and they seemed to be from ten to twelve years old. The Superintendent was much disturbed over the photos. Location: Gastonia, North Carolina

Photos taken during noon hour, October 23rd, 1912, at the Loray Mills,...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Mills. Hine no. 3085. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Divisio... More

Spinners. Smallest girl, Pearlie Turner, 408 East Long Ave. Been at it 3 years and runs six and seven sides. Her sister (largest girl) runs only four sides. I found other cases where youngest sister did much more work than oldest and family stimulated her by praising her speed and the other's slowness. Location: Gastonia, North Carolina

Spinners. Smallest girl, Pearlie Turner, 408 East Long Ave. Been at it...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Mills. Hine no. 254. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division... More

Maggie Burton, 14 years old. A typical adolescent. Sister to Charley Burton (see large photo # 277). Been Spinning 6 years. Can run 7 sides = 70 cents a day. Does run 5 sides = 50 cents a day. Location: Gastonia, North Carolina

Maggie Burton, 14 years old. A typical adolescent. Sister to Charley B...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Mills. Hine no. 315. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division... More

Photos taken during noon hour, October 23rd, 1912, at the Loray Mills, Gastonia, N.C. They said they were working and went in to work. At night I counted over thirty children coming out when the whistle blew, and they seemed to be from ten to twelve years old. The Superintendent was much disturbed over the photos. Location: Gastonia, North Carolina

Photos taken during noon hour, October 23rd, 1912, at the Loray Mills,...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Mills. Hine no. 3081. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Divisio... More

Boys going home from Sunday School. Right to left. Willie Long - in mill 4 yrs.; James Hurley; Lloyd Long - 12 yrs., in mill 2 yrs.; Spurgeon Price - 13 yrs., in mill 3 yrs.; Clarence Price - 14 yrs., in mill 3 yrs.; Charley Caswell- in mill 3 yrs. Gastonia, North Carolina

Boys going home from Sunday School. Right to left. Willie Long - in mi...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Mills. Hine no. 239. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division... More

Closing Hour, 3 p.m. Trenton Mills, Gastonia, N.C. Zoe Lanier. Help sister in mill. Location: Gastonia, North Carolina

Closing Hour, 3 p.m. Trenton Mills, Gastonia, N.C. Zoe Lanier. Help si...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Mills. Hine no. 242. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division... More

Holland Mfg. Co., Gastonia, N.C. 8:00 P.M. Mill running nights. Location: Gastonia, North Carolina / Photo by Lewis W. Hine.

Holland Mfg. Co., Gastonia, N.C. 8:00 P.M. Mill running nights. Locat...

Public domain image of an arch structure, bridge, historic place ruins, classical architecture, free to use, no copyright restrictions - Picryl description

(Right hand boy) John Campbell, (Box 294, Gastonia, N.C.) 10 years old. Been three years in mill. In school part of this time. (Left hand boy) Roy Little. Said 12 years old. 2 years in mill and worked nights 9 months. Doffer. Location: Gastonia, North Carolina

(Right hand boy) John Campbell, (Box 294, Gastonia, N.C.) 10 years old...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Mills. Hine no. 253. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division... More

Closing hour, Loray Mill, Gastonia, N.C. One of the smallest boys said he had been in mill 2 or 3 years (and is 12 years old). Location: Gastonia, North Carolina

Closing hour, Loray Mill, Gastonia, N.C. One of the smallest boys said...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Mills. Hine no. 261. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division... More

Oldest girl, Minnie Carpenter, House 53 Loray Mill, Gastonia, N.C. Spinner. Makes fifty cents a day of 10 hours. Works four sides. Younger girl works irregularly. Location: Gastonia, North Carolina

Oldest girl, Minnie Carpenter, House 53 Loray Mill, Gastonia, N.C. Spi...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Mills. Hine no. 251. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division... More