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child labor

lewis wickes hine

national child labor committee collection

photographic prints

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lewis w hine

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lot 7476

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Bessie Thompson, a tiny "helper" in the Barataria Canning Compnay. See other photos and labels. Location: Biloxi, Mississippi

Bessie Thompson, a tiny "helper" in the Barataria Canning Compnay. See...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Canneries. Hine no. 2000-A. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs D... More

General view of the Pass Packing Co. Location: Pass Christian, Mississippi

General view of the Pass Packing Co. Location: Pass Christian, Mississ...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Canneries. Hine no. 2012. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Div... More

Albernesi Family, 126 W. Eagle St. Left to right: Frank Albernesi, 5 years old. Libori Albernesi, 15 years old, Joseph Albernesi, 13 years old. Family goes to country in summer to pick fruit. Location: Buffalo, New York (State)

Albernesi Family, 126 W. Eagle St. Left to right: Frank Albernesi, 5 y...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Canneries. Hine no. 1228. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Div... More

Clarence Goodell, showing how he does it. Location: Eastport, Maine

Clarence Goodell, showing how he does it. Location: Eastport, Maine

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Canneries. Hine no. 2455. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Div... More

Nick Pilisotta, ten years old, 899 Fayard St. Works some in the Biloxi Canning Co. "I want to quit school and work steady. Make 50 cents a day. Made $1.30 one day last year when shrimp was big." Location: Biloxi, Mississippi

Nick Pilisotta, ten years old, 899 Fayard St. Works some in the Biloxi...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Canneries. Hine no. 2029. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Div... More

Minnie Thomas, 9 years old, showing average size of sardine knife used in cutting. Some of the children used a knife as large as this. Minnie works regularly in Seacoast Canning Co., Factory #7, mostly in the packing room, and when very busy works nights. Cuts some, also cartons. She says she earns $2.00 some days, packing. Location: Eastport, Maine

Minnie Thomas, 9 years old, showing average size of sardine knife used...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Canneries. Hine no. 2439. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Div... More

Sardine canneries at Eastport, Maine. Location: Eastport, Maine

Sardine canneries at Eastport, Maine. Location: Eastport, Maine

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Canneries. Hine no. 2417. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Div... More

View of the Gorenflo Canning Co., Biloxi, Miss., taken at 7 A.M. Many tiny workers here, some of whom began to arrive at the factory as early as 5 o'clock, an hour before they were allowed to begin work, and long before daylight on a damp-foggy day. The whistle had blown and they came and stood around merely to hold their places. When the "catch" has been good, they begin work early, but today it was not good so they were waiting for daylight. In this group I ascertained the ages of a few, as follows, 1 child of 6 years, 1 of 7, 2 of 8, 1 of 10 and there were many more. See report also. Location: Biloxi, Mississippi

View of the Gorenflo Canning Co., Biloxi, Miss., taken at 7 A.M. Many ...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Canneries. Hine no. 1497. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Div... More

Some, but only a small part, of the workers who pick shrimp in the Biloxi Canning Factory. Ages range from five years upward. Little Bernice, on the end of line about five years old, and Olga, five years old (see photo taken inside the factory) help their mothers pick shrimp. Location: Biloxi, Mississippi

Some, but only a small part, of the workers who pick shrimp in the Bil...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Canneries. Hine no. 2023. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Div... More

10 year old Jimmie. Been shucking 3 years. 6 pots a day, and a 11 year old boy who shucks 7 pots. Also several members of an interesting family named Sherrica. Seven of them are in this factory. The father, mother, four girls shuck and pack. Older brother steams. 10 year old boy goes to school. Been in the oyster business 5 years. Father worked for 25 years in the Pennsylvania Coal Mine, and the oldest brother there? They said they liked the oysters business better because the family makes more. Varn & Platt Canning Co. Location: Bluffton, South Carolina

10 year old Jimmie. Been shucking 3 years. 6 pots a day, and a 11 year...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Canneries. Hine no. 3306. Year not recorded on caption card; 1913 based on cards for photographs with neighboring numbers taken i... More

Marie and Albert Kawalski. 615 S. Band St., Baltimore, Md. Albert is 10 and Marie 11 years old. They worked, with mother, last winter, shucking oysters for Varn & Beard Packing Co., Young Island, S.C. (near Charleston). Mrs. Kawalski did not have things represented to her correctly and she found that all the children that had fare paid were compelled to work for the company. Other smaller children worked some and went to school some. Maire and Albert have worked several summers in the berry, beans and tomato fields packing houses near Baltimore. (see my report, July 10, for further particulars). Location: Baltimore, Maryland

Marie and Albert Kawalski. 615 S. Band St., Baltimore, Md. Albert is 1...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Canneries. Hine no. 825. Text is cut off at bottom of caption card. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Libra... More

Oyster-shuckers working in Alabama Canning Company. From 7 years upward. Location: Bayou La Batre, Alabama

Oyster-shuckers working in Alabama Canning Company. From 7 years upwar...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Canneries. Hine no. 1991. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Div... More

Annie Delcher, eight-year-old oyster shucker from Baltimore. Location: Dunbar, Louisiana

Annie Delcher, eight-year-old oyster shucker from Baltimore. Location:...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Canneries. Hine no. 2065. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Div... More

Mike Murphy, a young oyster-shucker, ten years old. Alabama Canning Co. From Baltimore. Location: Bayou La Batre, Alabama

Mike Murphy, a young oyster-shucker, ten years old. Alabama Canning Co...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Canneries. Hine no. 1993. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Div... More

All these pick shrimp at the Peerless Oyster Co. I had to take photo while bosses were at dinner as they refused to permit children to be in photos. Out of 60 workers, 15 were apparently under 12 years. Location: Bay St. Louis, Mississippi

All these pick shrimp at the Peerless Oyster Co. I had to take photo w...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Canneries. Hine no. 2040. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Div... More

These little ones, and many others, work in the Peerless Oyster Co. Location: Bay St. Louis, Mississippi

These little ones, and many others, work in the Peerless Oyster Co. Lo...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Canneries. Hine no. 2036. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Div... More

5 year old Preston, a young cartoner in a Maine Canning Co. I saw him at work different times during the day - at 7 a.m., in the afternoon and at 6 p.m., and he kept at it very faithfully for so young a worker. Location: Eastport, Maine

5 year old Preston, a young cartoner in a Maine Canning Co. I saw him ...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Canneries. Hine no. 2414. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Div... More

Bertha, a six-year old oyster shucker and her older sister. Father and mother work also. All of them make from $9. to $15. a week. Maggioni Canning Co. Location: Port Royal, South Carolina

Bertha, a six-year old oyster shucker and her older sister. Father and...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Canneries. Hine no. 3276. Year not recorded on caption card; 1912 based on year that appears to be recorded on card for photograp... More

Some of the youngest workers in Laurel Cotton Mills, Miss. Tallest man is Mr. Hollingworth. Two of his boys in front row. Sylvester, ten years old, "Only helps in the mill afternoons and Saturdays." "But if I was twelve," he said, "I'd go to work to-morrow." The other boy, Floyd, said he was thirteen, but he doesn't seem to be. He said, "I sweeps. Get thirty cents a day. Sweepin' keeps you at it right steady. Not much chance to rest. You have to be twelve to work." Location: Laurel, Mississippi

Some of the youngest workers in Laurel Cotton Mills, Miss. Tallest man...

Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Canneries. Title from label for Hine no. 2076. Hine no. 2011-A. Also in LOT 7479, v. 3. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Cong... More

Oyster shuckers at work in Barataria Canning Company. Small girls working on right of photo are Gertrude Kron, five years old, Pauline ---, eight years old. Note the face of little Mildred Kron, near center of photo, three years old, works every day, mother said. Also small boy on left of photo who has dropped an oyster. See also photos 1973, 1977, 1997, 1976. Location: Biloxi, Mississippi

Oyster shuckers at work in Barataria Canning Company. Small girls work...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Canneries. Hine no. 1998. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Div... More

Settlement of sardine workers, Seacoast Canning Co., Factory #2. Many of them come from neighboring towns, such as Perry. Location: Eastport, Maine

Settlement of sardine workers, Seacoast Canning Co., Factory #2. Many ...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Canneries. Hine no. 2452. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Div... More

Small family group hulling berries at Johnson's Hulling Station, Seaford, Del. Location: Seaford, Delaware

Small family group hulling berries at Johnson's Hulling Station, Seafo...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Canneries. Hine no. 1574. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Div... More

One of the smallest negro oyster shuckers that I found on the Atlantic Coast. Usually they do not work the negro children. Varn & Platt Canning Co. Location: Bluffton, South Carolina

One of the smallest negro oyster shuckers that I found on the Atlantic...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Canneries. Hine no. 3308. Year not recorded on caption card; 1913 based on cards for photographs with neighboring numbers taken i... More

All these are shrimp-pickers in Dunbar, Lopez, Dukate Company. Youngest in photo are five and eight years of age. Location: Biloxi, Mississippi

All these are shrimp-pickers in Dunbar, Lopez, Dukate Company. Younges...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Canneries. Hine no. 1982. Reproduction no. LC-USZ6-1142. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congr... More

Katie Kuritzko, 7-year-old oyster shucker. Has mumps now. Her 8-year-old brother also shucks. Location: Dunbar, Louisiana

Katie Kuritzko, 7-year-old oyster shucker. Has mumps now. Her 8-year-o...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Canneries. Hine no. 2067. Reproduction no. LC-USZ6-1208. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congr... More

Mary Morris, nine year old oyster shucker. Shucked last year; can do four or five pots a day. Shucks every day and tends the baby. Location: Pass Christian, Mississippi

Mary Morris, nine year old oyster shucker. Shucked last year; can do f...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Canneries. Hine no. 2010-A. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs D... More

Group of young cutters in Seacoast sardine factory, going for a swim Sunday morning. They all work. Even the smallest makes $.50 to $1.00 a day. They all said they cut their fingers a good deal, "and then the salt makes 'em 'pickle-sores." Location: Eastport, Maine

Group of young cutters in Seacoast sardine factory, going for a swim S...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Canneries. Hine no. 2454. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Div... More

Sardine canneries at Eastport, Me. Location: Eastport, Maine

Sardine canneries at Eastport, Me. Location: Eastport, Maine

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Canneries. Hine no. 2416. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Div... More

Eight year old Syrian girl, Pheobe i.e. Phoebe Thomas, going to work at 6 a.m., August 14, with great butcher knife, to cut sardines in Seacoast Canning Co. Factory #4, Eastport Me. Said she was a cutter, and I saw her working later. (See photos of her accident, #2444, #2445, #2449.) Location: Eastport, Maine

Eight year old Syrian girl, Pheobe i.e. Phoebe Thomas, going to work a...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Canneries. Hine no. 2443. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Div... More

John Velcich, ten years old, picks shrimp at Peerless Oyster Co. This is his third year at the work. Earns 55 cents a day. His hands were all sore and swelled up from the acid in the shrimp. Brother Tony, eight years old, picks some too, but is sick now. Location: Bay St. Louis, Mississippi

John Velcich, ten years old, picks shrimp at Peerless Oyster Co. This ...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Canneries. Hine no. 2042. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Div... More

Gusty, eight-year old shucker. Two brothers work. Maggioni Canning Co. Location: Port Royal, South Carolina

Gusty, eight-year old shucker. Two brothers work. Maggioni Canning Co....

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Canneries. Hine no. 3287. Year not recorded on caption card; 1912 based on year that appears to be recorded on card for photograp... More

Rosie, (on the left) regular oyster shucker. A smaller one will be working soon. Varn and Platt Canning Co. Location: Bluffton, South Carolina

Rosie, (on the left) regular oyster shucker. A smaller one will be wor...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Canneries. Hine no. 3296. Year not recorded on caption card; 1913 based on cards for photographs with neighboring numbers taken i... More

Housing conditions of the white workers in Varn & Platt Canning Co. Location: Bluffton, South Carolina

Housing conditions of the white workers in Varn & Platt Canning Co. Lo...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Canneries. Hine no. 3312. Year not recorded on caption card; 1913 based on cards for photographs with neighboring numbers taken i... More

Varn & Platt Canning Co. Rosie & her doll. Location: Bluffton, South Carolina

Varn & Platt Canning Co. Rosie & her doll. Location: Bluffton, South C...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Canneries. Hine no. 3313. Year not recorded on caption card; 1913 based on cards for photographs with neighboring numbers taken i... More

Home of the Palia family, 260 Terrace Street. The boy, Amorica, in center, goes to the canning factory with his mother in summer. Location: Buffalo, New York (State)

Home of the Palia family, 260 Terrace Street. The boy, Amorica, in cen...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Canneries. Hine no. 1223. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Div... More

Minnie Thomas, 9 years old, showing average size of sardine knife used in cutting. Some of the children used a knife as large as this. Minnie works regularly in Seacoast Canning Co., Factory #7, mostly in the packing room, and when very busy works nights. Cuts some, also cartons. She says she earns $2.00 some days, packing. Location: Eastport, Maine

Minnie Thomas, 9 years old, showing average size of sardine knife used...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Canneries. Hine no. 2439. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Div... More

Some of the young cartoners in work room, Seacoast Canning Co., Factory #2. Five year old Preston working also. Location: Eastport, Maine

Some of the young cartoners in work room, Seacoast Canning Co., Factor...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Canneries. Hine no. 2413. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Div... More

Some of the younger workers (not all) who work in the Biloxi Canning Factory. On right-hand end of photo is Lazro Boney, 12 years old, been working 4 years at this factory. Both he and his mother said he makes $1.75 a day when shrimp are large and plentiful. He made $57.00 last year in 3 months. His brother Ed (not in photo) 14 years old, makes $2.25 on good days. Another brother, Pete, (one of the smallest in the photo) and 10 years old makes 50 cents a day. Two other brothers work at raw oysters; one, 17 years old, makes $4.00 a day. Eight children in family. The mother said, "Lazro goes to school when he ain't workin; but he's gettin' so he'd rather stay home with the boys than go to school." Family lives at 616 Charter St. Next to Lazro (in photo) is Jim Kriss, 11 years old, been working at this factory two years; makes $1.50 on good days. His brother Jo Kriss (in photo next to girl on left end) 12 years old, makes $1.00 a day. Another brother Ed, not in photo, 14 years averages $2.50 a day. Sister Marie 7 years old (see photo at home) works when not tending the baby, and makes 25 cents a day. Mother picks also. Youngest boy in photo is Tommy Davis, 8 years old. 918 Charter St. Worked last year. Ester Barton, a 12 year old boy also is the photo, couldn't spell his own name. Been working two years. "Teeny" Adams, girl on left end of photo, 11 years old, makes $1.15 some days. Missed three weeks of school last month, working. Works now before school, or all day. See also summary of young workers I found (on other label). Location: Biloxi, Mississippi

Some of the younger workers (not all) who work in the Biloxi Canning F...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Canneries. Hine no. 2024. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Div... More

"We give them houses to live in," About 50 persons housed in this miserable row of dilapidated shacks. Located on an old shell-pile and partly surrounded by a tidal marsh. Maggioni Canning Co. Location: Port Royal, South Carolina

"We give them houses to live in," About 50 persons housed in this mise...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Canneries. Hine no. 3279. Year not recorded on caption card; 1912 based on year that appears to be recorded on card for photograp... More

All these children (except babies) shuck oysters and tend babies at the Pass Packing Co. I saw them all at work there long before daybreak. Photos taken at noon in the absence of the Supt. who refused me permission because of? Child Labor agitation. Factory belongs to Dunbar, Lopez, Dukate Co. Location: Pass Christian, Mississippi

All these children (except babies) shuck oysters and tend babies at th...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Canneries. Hine no. 2007. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Div... More

All these are shrimp-pickers in Dunbar, Lopez, Dukate Company. The youngest boys are 5 and 6 years old. Location: Biloxi, Mississippi

All these are shrimp-pickers in Dunbar, Lopez, Dukate Company. The you...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Canneries. Hine no. 1981. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Div... More

"We give them houses to live in," About 50 persons housed in this miserable row of dilapidated shacks. Located on an old shell-pile and partly surrounded by a tidal marsh. Maggioni Canning Co. Location: Port Royal, South Carolina

"We give them houses to live in," About 50 persons housed in this mise...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Canneries. Hine no. 3279. Year not recorded on caption card; 1912 based on year that appears to be recorded on card for photograp... More

A mother hulling berries while she nurses her infant. Her other children sit beside her, also at work. Little Mabel Cuthrie i.e., Guthrie?, 4 yrs. old started working last year. Location: Seaford?, Delaware?

A mother hulling berries while she nurses her infant. Her other childr...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Canneries. Hine no. 1577. No location recorded on caption card; possibly Seaford, Delaware, based on captions for photographs wit... More

Another general view of the "hulling" station of A.J. Johnson at Seaford, Del. Location: Seaford, Delaware

Another general view of the "hulling" station of A.J. Johnson at Seafo...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Canneries. Hine no. 1571. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Div... More

Oyster fleet fishing on the reefs. Location: Mobile Bay, Alabama

Oyster fleet fishing on the reefs. Location: Mobile Bay, Alabama

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Canneries. Hine no. 1961. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Div... More

Emma Kelly, eight years old, picks shrimp in the Peerless Oyster Co. Many like her worked from 3:00 A.M. until 4:00 P.M. Location: Bay St. Louis, Mississippi

Emma Kelly, eight years old, picks shrimp in the Peerless Oyster Co. M...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Canneries. Hine no. 2045. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Div... More

Pass Packing Co. Location: Pass Christian, Mississippi

Pass Packing Co. Location: Pass Christian, Mississippi

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Canneries. Hine no. 2014. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Div... More

A group of young cartoners in Seacoast Canneries, #4., not the youngest. Location: Eastport, Maine

A group of young cartoners in Seacoast Canneries, #4., not the younges...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Canneries. Hine no. 2442. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Div... More

Alfred and Willie, two young oyster fishers in Mobile Bay. A few, but not many of these youngsters are found on the oyster boats. Location: Bayou La Batre, Alabama

Alfred and Willie, two young oyster fishers in Mobile Bay. A few, but ...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Canneries. Hine no. 1995. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Div... More

7 year old oyster shucker. Speaks no English. Father and mother earn about $15 a week, and this little one works steady and her six year old brother same. Lowden Canning Co. Location: Bluffton, South Carolina

7 year old oyster shucker. Speaks no English. Father and mother earn a...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Canneries. Hine no. 3309. Year not recorded on caption card; 1913 based on cards for photographs with neighboring numbers taken i... More

Boy shucker. Varn & Platt Canning Co. Location: Bluffton, South Carolina

Boy shucker. Varn & Platt Canning Co. Location: Bluffton, South Caroli...

Title from NCLC caption card. Remainder of text on original caption card does not appear to match the image: "Little Rosie, seven year old oyster shucker at the close of the day getting a little companionship f... More

Man, woman, and infant. Varn & Platt Canning Co. Location: Bluffton, South Carolina

Man, woman, and infant. Varn & Platt Canning Co. Location: Bluffton, S...

Title, date, and location based on caption information for related photos. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Canneries. Hine no. 3308-A. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, ... More

Mother and children hulling strawberries at Johnson's Hulling Station. Cyral (in baby cart) is 2 yrs. old this May and works steadily hulling berries. At times Cyral would rest his little head on his arm and fall asleep for a few minutes and then wake up, commencing all over to hull berries. This is an extreme case - by no means typical and while it was found in this investigation that children 3, 4, 5 yrs. were accustomed to start out before sun-up to pick berries, we have not found many cases such as this. Location: Seaford, Delaware

Mother and children hulling strawberries at Johnson's Hulling Station....

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Canneries. Hine no. 1575. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Div... More

Small family group hulling berries at Johnson's Hulling Station, Seaford, Del. Location: Seaford, Delaware

Small family group hulling berries at Johnson's Hulling Station, Seafo...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Canneries. Hine no. 1574. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Div... More

Boys Working in a Cannery, Indianapolis, Unloading freight cars full of new tomato cans. Aug. 1908. Wit. E.N. Clopper. Location: Indianapolis, Indiana

Boys Working in a Cannery, Indianapolis, Unloading freight cars full o...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Canneries. Hine no. 101. P&P staff member's notation on xeroxed caption card: "View is vertical, 3 boys; 2 are holding cans." Cre... More

A group of workers at Greenabaum's Cannery, Seaford, Del. The ages given the investigators is 15 and 13 and 12. Location: Seaford, Delaware

A group of workers at Greenabaum's Cannery, Seaford, Del. The ages giv...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Canneries. Hine no. 1600. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Div... More

Daisy Langford, 8 yrs. old works in Ross' canneries. She helps at the capping machine, but is not able to "keep up." She places caps on the cans at the rate of about 40 per minute working full time. This is her first season in the cannery. Location: Seaford, Delaware

Daisy Langford, 8 yrs. old works in Ross' canneries. She helps at the ...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Canneries. Hine no. 1593. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Div... More

Group of oyster-shuckers all working in Alabama Canning Co., from seven years upward. Location: Bayou La Batre, Alabama

Group of oyster-shuckers all working in Alabama Canning Co., from seve...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Canneries. Hine no. 1990. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Div... More

Some of the young shrimp-pickers working at the Dunbar, Lopez, Dukate Co., Youngest five and eight years old. Location: Biloxi, Mississippi

Some of the young shrimp-pickers working at the Dunbar, Lopez, Dukate ...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Canneries. Hine no. 1983. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Div... More

Group of oyster shuckers in Barataria Canning Co. In this group are Gertrude Kohn, five years old, and Pauline ---, eight years old. See also photos 1973, 1976, 1997, 1998. Location: Biloxi, Mississippi

Group of oyster shuckers in Barataria Canning Co. In this group are Ge...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Canneries. Hine no. 1977. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Div... More

Steve Romeo, and Wince? Pizlow, both are shuckers in the Barataria Canning Company. I saw the smallest one going to work at 5 A.M. at Gorenflo's Canning Factory, on Mar. 5th. Location: Biloxi, Mississippi

Steve Romeo, and Wince? Pizlow, both are shuckers in the Barataria Can...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Canneries. Hine no. 1974. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Div... More

Bertha, one of the six-year old shuckers. Began work at 4 A.M. Maggioni Canning Co. Location: Port Royal, South Carolina

Bertha, one of the six-year old shuckers. Began work at 4 A.M. Maggion...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Canneries. Hine no. 3280. Year not recorded on caption card; 1912 based on year that appears to be recorded on card for photograp... More

A mother hulling berries while she nurses her infant. Her other children sit beside her, also at work. Little Mabel Cuthrie i.e., Guthrie?, 4 yrs. old started working last year. Location: Seaford?, Delaware?

A mother hulling berries while she nurses her infant. Her other childr...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Canneries. Hine no. 1577. No location recorded on caption card; possibly Seaford, Delaware, based on captions for photographs wit... More

Rose Sarosa, Room 42, 62 Main St., Buffalo, N.Y. 13 years old last summer. Sarah, 9 years old last summer. Jo, 6 years old last summer. Worked in Albion Canning Factory on beans and tomatoes. When they worked all day, the three earned $1.50, paid 8 cents an hour for all time, including over time. Rosa and Sarah worked up to 10 P.M. sometimes last summer (a poor one) other years until midnight. Rosa worked in factory. Sarah and Jo in sheds part of the time. Went out to Albion last of May and came back middle of November, losing nearly 15 weeks of school time. Location: Buffalo, New York (State)

Rose Sarosa, Room 42, 62 Main St., Buffalo, N.Y. 13 years old last sum...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Canneries. Hine no. 1325. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Div... More

Children from Grade 5, School #2, Buffalo, N.Y. All worked in Cannery last summer. Rose Cugino, 12 years old last summer. Worked on beans and corn in the sheds of Albion, sometimes until 9 P.M. Made 50 cents a day. Is making good in school work. Joseph Cangiamila, 11 years old last summer. Worked on beans and corn in the sheds until 8 P.M., sometimes at Gowanda. Lost 3 weeks school. Henry Panasoi, 11 years old last summer. Worked on beans and corn in the sheds sometimes into the evening at Gowanda. Lost 3 weeks schooling. Andrew Geraci, 13 years old last summer. Worked on beans and corn in the sheds and dropped tomatoes cans into machine, sometimes until 9 P.M. and 10 P.M., at Albion, N.Y. Made 75 cents to $1.00 a day. Lost 7 weeks of school, but is making good. Location: Buffalo, New York (State)

Children from Grade 5, School #2, Buffalo, N.Y. All worked in Cannery ...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Canneries. Hine no. 1340. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Div... More

Pile of refuse, waste, and salt water in which these sardine workers stand at times. Location: Eastport, Maine

Pile of refuse, waste, and salt water in which these sardine workers s...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Canneries. Hine no. 2405. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Div... More

Some of the cartoners, not the youngest, at Seacoast Canning Co., Factory #2. (See Hine report.) Location: Eastport, Maine

Some of the cartoners, not the youngest, at Seacoast Canning Co., Fact...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Canneries. Hine no. 2412. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Div... More

Oyster fishing on the reef. Found a few young boys about 12 years old, but not many. Location: Mobile Bay, Alabama

Oyster fishing on the reef. Found a few young boys about 12 years old,...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Canneries. Hine no. 1966. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Div... More

Group of oyster-shuckers working in Alabama Canning Co. Location: Bayou La Batre, Alabama

Group of oyster-shuckers working in Alabama Canning Co. Location: Bayo...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Canneries. Hine no. 1992. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Div... More

General view of shucking shed. Location: Dunbar, Louisiana

General view of shucking shed. Location: Dunbar, Louisiana

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Canneries. Hine no. 2060. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Div... More

Wilfred Clark, 10 years old, 24 Key St., going home at noon, after cutting five boxes of fish during the morning. Incidently, he cuts his fingers. See left fore-finger. Two other boys with him had fingers badly cut and healed up. Location: Eastport, Maine

Wilfred Clark, 10 years old, 24 Key St., going home at noon, after cut...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Canneries. Hine no. 2430. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Div... More

Frank Obin, eight years old. Shucks oysters at Pass Christian. I found him asleep on the floor of the shed at 4 o'clock one morning. Location: Pass Christian, Mississippi

Frank Obin, eight years old. Shucks oysters at Pass Christian. I found...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Canneries. Hine no. 2005-A. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs D... More

"We give them houses to live in." About 50 persons housed in this miserable row of dilapidated shacks. Located on an old shell-pile and partly surrounded by a tidal marsh. Maggioni Canning Co. Location: Port Royal, South Carolina

"We give them houses to live in." About 50 persons housed in this mise...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Canneries. Hine no. 3278. Year not recorded on caption card; 1912 based on year that appears to be recorded on card for photograp... More

Seen sic in Canning factory showing a 7-year old girl who shucks 3 pots of oysters a day. She works regularly, and her 6-year old brother who helps some. Also a 11-year old boy who does six pots a day. Several others here under 12 years, but there were more last month. Mostly negro workers. The boss said, "We keep only enough whites so we can control the negroes and keep them agoing!" Lowden Canning Co. Location: Bluffton, South Carolina

Seen sic in Canning factory showing a 7-year old girl who shucks 3 pot...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Canneries. Hine no. 3295. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Div... More

Group of "cartoners" in Seacoast Canning Co., Factory #7. Everyone of them works putting cans of sardines into paper cartons. Eleven out of the fourteen were under twelve years. Several from eight to ten. Smallest girl in front is Erna Hamilton, eight years old. (See family story #2453.) The older girls, from twelve to fourteen years, earn several dollars a day. One fourteen year old girl said she made $3 to $4 when she packed all day and in the evening. Location: Eastport, Maine

Group of "cartoners" in Seacoast Canning Co., Factory #7. Everyone of ...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Canneries. Hine no. 2432. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Div... More

Some of the young shrimp-pickers working at the Dunbar, Lopez, Dukate Co., Youngest five and eight years old. Location: Biloxi, Mississippi

Some of the young shrimp-pickers working at the Dunbar, Lopez, Dukate ...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Canneries. Hine no. 1983. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Div... More

Bill May, a bright, freckled five year old, who works in Barataria Canning Co., said he made fifteen cents the day before and his mother said, "He can make fifteen cents any day he wants to work, but he won't do it steady." Location: Biloxi, Mississippi

Bill May, a bright, freckled five year old, who works in Barataria Can...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Canneries. Hine no. 1975. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Div... More

Family of Peter Elvis, New Orleans, La. All except smallest baby work in the Barataria Canning Company. Youngest boy, Jo., seven years old works Saturdays. Alma, the three year-old by the door is "learnin' the trade" her mother said. Location: Biloxi, Mississippi

Family of Peter Elvis, New Orleans, La. All except smallest baby work ...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Canneries. Hine no. 1970. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Div... More

Johnnie, a nine-year-old oyster shucker. Man with pipe is a padrone who had brought these people from Baltimore for four years. He said, "I tell you I have to lie to 'em. Ther're never satisfied. Hard work to get them." He is boss of the shucking shed. Location: Dunbar, Louisiana

Johnnie, a nine-year-old oyster shucker. Man with pipe is a padrone wh...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Canneries. Hine no. 2058. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Div... More

General view of the Pass Packing Co. Location: Pass Christian, Mississippi

General view of the Pass Packing Co. Location: Pass Christian, Mississ...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Canneries. Hine no. 2012. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Div... More

Some of the younger workers (not all) who work in the Biloxi Canning Factory. On right-hand end of photo is Lazro Boney, 12 years old, been working 4 years at this factory. Both he and his mother said he makes $1.75 a day when shrimp are large and plentiful. He made $57.00 last year in 3 months. His brother Ed (not in photo) 14 years old, makes $2.25 on good days. Another brother, Pete, (one of the smallest in the photo) and 10 years old makes 50 cents a day. Two other brothers work at raw oysters; one, 17 years old, makes $4.00 a day. Eight children in family. The mother said, "Lazro goes to school when he ain't workin; but he's gettin' so he'd rather stay home with the boys than go to school." Family lives at 616 Charter St. Next to Lazro (in photo) is Jim Kriss, 11 years old, been working at this factory two years; makes $1.50 on good days. His brother Jo Kriss (in photo next to girl on left end) 12 years old, makes $1.00 a day. Another brother Ed, not in photo, 14 years averages $2.50 a day. Sister Marie 7 years old (see photo at home) works when not tending the baby, and makes 25 cents a day. Mother picks also. Youngest boy in photo is Tommy Davis, 8 years old. 918 Charter St. Worked last year. Ester Barton, a 12 year old boy also is the photo, couldn't spell his own name. Been working two years. "Teeny" Adams, girl on left end of photo, 11 years old, makes $1.15 some days. Missed three weeks of school last month, working. Works now before school, or all day. See also summary of young workers I found (on other label). Location: Biloxi, Mississippi

Some of the younger workers (not all) who work in the Biloxi Canning F...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Canneries. Hine no. 2024. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Div... More

Alma Crosien, three-year-old daughter of Mrs. CoRa Croslen, of Baltimore. Both work in the Barataria Canning Company. The mother said, "I'm learnin' her the trade." Location: Biloxi, Mississippi

Alma Crosien, three-year-old daughter of Mrs. CoRa Croslen, of Baltimo...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Canneries. Hine no. 1969. The phrase "three-year-old" is underlined on the caption card. Reproduction no. LC-USZ6-1157. Credit li... More

Pannepinto Family, 116 Georgia St., Buffalo, N.Y. Attend School #1. Jo. was 7 years old last summer. Charley 12 years old last summer. Snipped beans and hulled strawberries in the sheds, Charley until 12 P.M. sometimes, Hamburg Canning Factory. Left school last of May and entered school October 18th, losing about 9 weeks of school. Location: Buffalo, New York (State)

Pannepinto Family, 116 Georgia St., Buffalo, N.Y. Attend School #1. Jo...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Canneries. Hine no. 1330. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Div... More

Walter Kitosky, seven year old oyster shucker. Location: Pass Christian, Mississippi

Walter Kitosky, seven year old oyster shucker. Location: Pass Christia...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Canneries. Hine no. 2009-A. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs D... More

Mildred Griffiths, 9 Pleasant St., 13 yrs. old. A regular packer in Blanchard's Sardine Factory. Makes $1.00 to $2.00 a day. Sometimes works until midnight. Location: Eastport, Maine

Mildred Griffiths, 9 Pleasant St., 13 yrs. old. A regular packer in Bl...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Canneries. Hine no. 2451. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Div... More

Joey Stubeck, five years old. Shucks some at Pass Christian. Location: Pass Christian, Mississippi

Joey Stubeck, five years old. Shucks some at Pass Christian. Location:...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Canneries. Hine no. 2006-A. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs D... More

Oyster Barge going after oysters in Mobile Bay. Location: Bayou La Batre, Alabama

Oyster Barge going after oysters in Mobile Bay. Location: Bayou La Bat...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Canneries. Hine no. 1608. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Div... More

Martin Stevens, Any i.e., Amy? Andy? Schmidt, Will Schmidt, Frank Kelly, all shuck oysters. Location: Pass Christian, Mississippi

Martin Stevens, Any i.e., Amy? Andy? Schmidt, Will Schmidt, Frank Kell...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Canneries. Hine no. 2008-A. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs D... More

A group of shrimp pickers in Peerless Oyster Co., working during the short noon recess. Many workers, including the children, utilize part of the lunch time this way, when there is a lunch time allowed. In many canneries, they snatch their lunches as best they may while the work goes on and others are getting ahead of them. Location: Bay St. Louis, Mississippi

A group of shrimp pickers in Peerless Oyster Co., working during the s...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Canneries. Hine no. 2041. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Div... More

Fishing boats loading the barge on the reef. Location: Mobile Bay, Alabama

Fishing boats loading the barge on the reef. Location: Mobile Bay, Ala...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Canneries. Hine no. 1963. No text recorded after final comma on caption card. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collect... More

Scene in canning factory showing a 7-year old girl who shucks 3 pots of oysters a day, and works regularly, and her 6-year old brother who helps some. Also a 11-year old boy who does six pots a day. Several others here under 12 years, but there were more last month. Mostly negro workers. The boss said "We keep only enough whites so we can control the negroes and keep them agoing." Lowden Canning Co. Location: Bluffton, South Carolina

Scene in canning factory showing a 7-year old girl who shucks 3 pots o...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Canneries. Hine no. 3294. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Div... More

Reproduction New York State Factory Investigating Commission cannery records re. Haserote controversy. (E.F. Brown)

Reproduction New York State Factory Investigating Commission cannery r...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Canneries. Hine no. 3318. No location recorded at top of caption card. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Li... More

One of the youngest shuckers at McClellansville Canning Company. All negroes and none extremely young. Location: McClellansville, South Carolina

One of the youngest shuckers at McClellansville Canning Company. All n...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Canneries. Hine no. 3314. Year not recorded on caption card; 1913 based on cards for photographs with neighboring numbers. Credit... More

St. Joseph's Academy. The assistant to the Father in charge told me that none of the cannery children attended the academy, although he admitted that most of them were Catholics. Location: Bay St. Louis, Mississippi L.W. Hine

St. Joseph's Academy. The assistant to the Father in charge told me th...

Title from NCLC caption card. In album: Canneries. Hine no. 4092. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division. General information about the Nati... More

All these children (except babies) shuck oysters and tend babies at the Pass Packing Co. I saw them all at work there long before daybreak. Photos taken at noon in the absence of the Supt. who refused me permission because of? Child Labor agitation. Factory belongs to Dunbar, Lopez, Dukate Co. Location: Pass Christian, Mississippi

All these children (except babies) shuck oysters and tend babies at th...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Canneries. Hine no. 2007. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Div... More

Sardine canneries at Eastport, Maine. Location: Eastport, Maine

Sardine canneries at Eastport, Maine. Location: Eastport, Maine

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Canneries. Hine no. 2417. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Div... More

Clarence Goodell, showing how he does it. Location: Eastport, Maine

Clarence Goodell, showing how he does it. Location: Eastport, Maine

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Canneries. Hine no. 2455. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Div... More

Fulsom McCutcheon, 11 years old, has been working at the covering machines in Eastport canning factory, also cutting some. In the background is a typical sardine factory. Location: Eastport, Maine

Fulsom McCutcheon, 11 years old, has been working at the covering mach...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Canneries. Hine no. 2431. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Div... More

Elsie Shaw, a 6 year old cartoner during the summer, Seacoast Canning Co., Factory #2. Her father is boss of cutting room in Factory #1. He asked me to take some photos of her, as he has her do a singing act in vaudeville in the winter, "and she's old enough now to go through the audience and sell her own photos." Location: Eastport, Maine

Elsie Shaw, a 6 year old cartoner during the summer, Seacoast Canning ...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Canneries. Hine no. 2408. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Div... More

Mildred Kron, three years old, and Gertrude Kron, five years old. Help shuck oysters every day in the Barataria Canning Co. Live in New Orleans, (See also photos 1973, 1976, 1977, 1997, 1998.) Location: Biloxi, Mississippi

Mildred Kron, three years old, and Gertrude Kron, five years old. Help...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Canneries. Hine no. 1972. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Div... More

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