University Heights Bridge, Spanning Harlem River at 207th Street & West Harlem Road, New York, New York County, NY
Summary
Significance: The University Heights Bridge, a steel Pratt/Howe truss, pin-connected, rim bearing swing span draw, with Warren truss approach spans, is one of the oldest swing-type bridges and the third oldest major bridge in New York City. It is the work of some of America's most prominent late 19th. century engineers. Although the bridge originally was built at the northern end of Manhattan, continuing Broadway into the Bronx, it was moved to its present site in a complex process beginning in 1905. It is important as an example of circa 1900 bridge technology, and was a vital link in the extension of the Harlem River, which greatly contributed to the development of New York City. It was designated a New York City Landmark by the New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission in 1984.
Unprocessed Field note material exists for this structure: N501
Survey number: HAER NY-199
The history of New York City's transportation system. New York City is distinguished from other U.S. cities for its low personal automobile ownership and its significant use of public transportation. New York is the only city in the United States where over half of all households do not own a car (Manhattan's non-ownership is even higher, around 75%; nationally, the rate is 8%). New York City has, by far, the highest rate of public transportation use of any American city. New York City also has the longest mean travel time for commuters (39 minutes) among major U.S. cities. The Second Industrial Revolution fundamentally changed the city – the port infrastructure grew at such a rapid pace after the 1825 completion of the Erie Canal that New York became the most important connection between all of Europe and the interior of the United States. Elevated trains and subterranean transportation ('El trains' and 'subways') were introduced between 1867 and 1904. Private automobiles brought an additional change for the city by around 1930, notably the 1927 Holland Tunnel.