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Another "Dependent Father". He is so recorded in the Ordinary's office where he made application for his minor children to work. He has three children in the mill. When he married the present wife, she brought with her seven children, three of which are in the mill. The mother and father are both in mill work. He works part of the time. Lyell, Columbus and Swift Mills.  Location: Columbus, Georgia.

Another "Dependent Father". He is so recorded in the Ordinary's office...

Picryl description: Public domain image of child labor, exploitation, children workers, economic conditions, free to use, no copyright restrictions.

Guy Haywood, 10 years old, helps his brother. Harvey doff[s] in Columbus (Ga.) Mill.  Location: Columbus, Georgia.

Guy Haywood, 10 years old, helps his brother. Harvey doff[s] in Columb...

Picryl description: Public domain image of boy workers, child labor, working children, economic conditions, free to use, no copyright restrictions.

May's Folly, 527 First Avenue, Columbus, Muscogee County, GA

May's Folly, 527 First Avenue, Columbus, Muscogee County, GA

Survey number: HABS GA-294 Public domain photograph - Georgia folklife collection, ethnography, United States, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

Columbus, Georgia. Metal shelters and tents of Army men and construction workers in backyard of W.T. Mullis, who owns home and property and has grocery store on main highway about three miles from Fort Benning. For the shelters they pay ten dollars a month. For trailer or tent space two dollars a week. Mrs. R.M. Davis, whose husband is a First Sergeant at Fort Benning, now occupying metal shelter, used to live in hallway space in local home nearby and paid twenty dollars a month and had to furnish own bed. Her neighbor said "I hope these real estate men and people in Columbus who are charging so much and stealing from the poor people have to sit in their empty homes and shacks and starve when the defense program is over and finished."

Columbus, Georgia. Metal shelters and tents of Army men and constructi...

Public domain photograph of 3d object museum collection, metal, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

Fortune teller's sign and trailer near trailer camps where Army men and construction workers live on highway near Fort Benning, Columbus, Georgia

Fortune teller's sign and trailer near trailer camps where Army men an...

Public domain photograph of Georgia in 1930s, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

Soldiers from Fort Benning at the bus terminal in Columbus, Georgia

Soldiers from Fort Benning at the bus terminal in Columbus, Georgia

Picryl description: Public domain image of military training, armed forces fort, camp, exercise activity, free to use, no copyright restrictions.

Front Avenue Industrial District, Front Avenue between Eighth & Fourteenth Streets, Columbus, Muscogee County, GA

Front Avenue Industrial District, Front Avenue between Eighth & Fourte...

Significance: The nearly continuous eight block facade along the west side of Front Avenue (4,300 feet) represents a rare survival of the late 19th century commercial and industrial architecture. The integrity... More

Front Avenue Industrial District, Front Avenue between Eighth & Fourteenth Streets, Columbus, Muscogee County, GA

Front Avenue Industrial District, Front Avenue between Eighth & Fourte...

Significance: The nearly continuous eight block facade along the west side of Front Avenue (4,300 feet) represents a rare survival of the late 19th century commercial and industrial architecture. The integrity... More

High Uptown Neighborhood, Second Avenue from 1523 to 1645, Columbus, Muscogee County, GA

High Uptown Neighborhood, Second Avenue from 1523 to 1645, Columbus, M...

Significance: The Columbus Historic District is approximately 166 acres of historic structures dating from 1828 to the late 1930s. This part of the city retains its original grid, wide tree lined streets, and s... More

High Uptown Neighborhood, Second Avenue from 1523 to 1645, Columbus, Muscogee County, GA

High Uptown Neighborhood, Second Avenue from 1523 to 1645, Columbus, M...

Significance: The Columbus Historic District is approximately 166 acres of historic structures dating from 1828 to the late 1930s. This part of the city retains its original grid, wide tree lined streets, and s... More

High Uptown Neighborhood, Second Avenue from 1523 to 1645, Columbus, Muscogee County, GA

High Uptown Neighborhood, Second Avenue from 1523 to 1645, Columbus, M...

Significance: The Columbus Historic District is approximately 166 acres of historic structures dating from 1828 to the late 1930s. This part of the city retains its original grid, wide tree lined streets, and s... More

Pease Home, 908 Broadway, Columbus, Muscogee County, GA

Pease Home, 908 Broadway, Columbus, Muscogee County, GA

Picryl description: Public domain image of a residential building, house, 19th-20th century architecture, free to use, no copyright restrictions.

Photo of Ordinary's Certificate for Curtis Wynn, 9 years old (and therefore illegal). The Deputy Clerk told me "That was likely a clerical error." but I found five of these "errors" issued to children under 10 years old, one for a child aged 8. (The latter was later marked 'Void' but none of the rest were.) Rolly's teacher told me the family had moved, but that the boy was a mere baby with a lisp. The issuing of the certificates is very unbusinesslike. (See Vaughn's Report, Georgia. The Ordinary said, "I'm a practical man! The cotton mill people are the poorest paid workers in the country. They have to put their children into the mills."  Location: [Columbus?], Georgia.

Photo of Ordinary's Certificate for Curtis Wynn, 9 years old (and ther...

Picryl description: Public domain image of child labor, exploitation, children workers, economic conditions, free to use, no copyright restrictions.

Knitters in Massey Hosiery Mills, Columbus, Ga. Others smaller, there.  Location: Columbus, Georgia.

Knitters in Massey Hosiery Mills, Columbus, Ga. Others smaller, there....

Picryl description: Public domain image of girl workers, child labor, working children, economic conditions, free to use, no copyright restrictions.

"Willie" McPherson, a 10 year old Helper, who totes dinners and helps her mother in Muscogee Mill, Columbus, Ga. "She helps me a good deal." Sister went to work at 7 years. I saw several young helpers going to and from work at that mill.  Location: Columbus, Georgia.

"Willie" McPherson, a 10 year old Helper, who totes dinners and helps ...

Public domain photograph - Georgia folklife collection, ethnography, United States, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

Gunby House, Columbus, Muscogee County, GA

Gunby House, Columbus, Muscogee County, GA

Survey number: HABS GA-119 Building/structure dates: 18t2 Initial Construction

Triangle Building, 1333 Warren Avenue & 1300 Broadway, Columbus, Muscogee County, GA

Triangle Building, 1333 Warren Avenue & 1300 Broadway, Columbus, Musco...

Significance: Architecture: The only "flat-iron" building in Columbus, this structure uses the mansard-type tile roof reminiscent of Spanish Architecture. A modern building for the 1920s in Columbus, it uses ca... More

Seaboard Airline Railway, Freight Depot, Front Avenue, 1200-1300 Blocks, Columbus, Muscogee County, GA

Seaboard Airline Railway, Freight Depot, Front Avenue, 1200-1300 Block...

Significance: In 1902 the Seaboard Airline Railway built this freight terminal to serve the industries and businesses along Front Avenue. The building continued to function in that capacity until 1971. Since ... More

Seaboard Airline Railway, Freight Depot, Front Avenue, 1200-1300 Blocks, Columbus, Muscogee County, GA

Seaboard Airline Railway, Freight Depot, Front Avenue, 1200-1300 Block...

Significance: In 1902 the Seaboard Airline Railway built this freight terminal to serve the industries and businesses along Front Avenue. The building continued to function in that capacity until 1971. Since ... More

Seaboard Airline Railway, Freight Depot, Front Avenue, 1200-1300 Blocks, Columbus, Muscogee County, GA

Seaboard Airline Railway, Freight Depot, Front Avenue, 1200-1300 Block...

Significance: In 1902 the Seaboard Airline Railway built this freight terminal to serve the industries and businesses along Front Avenue. The building continued to function in that capacity until 1971. Since ... More

1638 Fourth Avenue (House), Columbus, Muscogee County, GA

1638 Fourth Avenue (House), Columbus, Muscogee County, GA

Significance: 1638 Fourth Avenue is a c. 1910 Shotgun type house. This residential building is significant for its architecture as a representative example of the Shotgun house type. Survey number: HABS GA-234... More

1638 Fourth Avenue (House), Columbus, Muscogee County, GA

1638 Fourth Avenue (House), Columbus, Muscogee County, GA

Significance: 1638 Fourth Avenue is a c. 1910 Shotgun type house. This residential building is significant for its architecture as a representative example of the Shotgun house type. Survey number: HABS GA-234... More

916-918 Fifth Avenue (House), Columbus, Muscogee County, GA

916-918 Fifth Avenue (House), Columbus, Muscogee County, GA

Significance: This house is significant as one of three adjacent, two-story, shotgun-style houses built in early 1930s by blacks. Survey number: HABS GA-2296 Building/structure dates: 1930 Initial Constructio... More

Columbus Railroad Company, Power Station, Eighteenth Street on Chattahoochee River, Columbus, Muscogee County, GA

Columbus Railroad Company, Power Station, Eighteenth Street on Chattah...

Significance: This was the first central hydroelectric generating station in Columbus. From 1887-1906 it produced most of the electricity used for street, commercial and residential lighting, and for small pow... More

Empire Mills Company, Front Avenue between Eighth & Tenth Streets, Columbus, Muscogee County, GA

Empire Mills Company, Front Avenue between Eighth & Tenth Streets, Col...

Survey number: HAER GA-31 Building/structure dates: 1885 Initial Construction Building/structure dates: 1904 Subsequent Work

McCrary House, 914 Fifth Avenue, Columbus, Muscogee County, GA

McCrary House, 914 Fifth Avenue, Columbus, Muscogee County, GA

Picryl description: Public domain image of a basement, underground, lobby, free to use, no copyright restrictions.

Fourteenth Street Bridge, Spanning Chattahoochee River, Columbus, Muscogee County, GA

Fourteenth Street Bridge, Spanning Chattahoochee River, Columbus, Musc...

Significance: This bridge is significant in the areas of transportation, local history, and engineering. it is the fourth of a series of bridges located at this site since 1856. It is significant from an engi... More

Dinner Toters, Columbus, Ga.  Location: Columbus, Georgia.

Dinner Toters, Columbus, Ga. Location: Columbus, Georgia.

Picryl description: Public domain image of child labor, exploitation, children workers, economic conditions, free to use, no copyright restrictions.

Eagle & Phenix Mills, Front Street (1200-1300 Blocks), Columbus, Muscogee County, GA

Eagle & Phenix Mills, Front Street (1200-1300 Blocks), Columbus, Musco...

STORED OFF SITE AND ON SITE. mchr Significance: From its inception in 1851 the dynamic growth of the Eagle Mill represented the most important factor in Columbus's industrial development. In 1860 the Eagle Mil... More

Eagle & Phenix Mills, Front Street (1200-1300 Blocks), Columbus, Muscogee County, GA

Eagle & Phenix Mills, Front Street (1200-1300 Blocks), Columbus, Musco...

STORED OFF SITE AND ON SITE. mchr Significance: From its inception in 1851 the dynamic growth of the Eagle Mill represented the most important factor in Columbus's industrial development. In 1860 the Eagle Mil... More

Eagle & Phenix Mills, Front Street (1200-1300 Blocks), Columbus, Muscogee County, GA

Eagle & Phenix Mills, Front Street (1200-1300 Blocks), Columbus, Musco...

STORED OFF SITE AND ON SITE. mchr Significance: From its inception in 1851 the dynamic growth of the Eagle Mill represented the most important factor in Columbus's industrial development. In 1860 the Eagle Mil... More

Eagle & Phenix Mills, Front Street (1200-1300 Blocks), Columbus, Muscogee County, GA

Eagle & Phenix Mills, Front Street (1200-1300 Blocks), Columbus, Musco...

STORED OFF SITE AND ON SITE. mchr Significance: From its inception in 1851 the dynamic growth of the Eagle Mill represented the most important factor in Columbus's industrial development. In 1860 the Eagle Mil... More

Columbus Iron Works, Front Avenue between Eighth & Tenth Streets, Columbus, Muscogee County, GA

Columbus Iron Works, Front Avenue between Eighth & Tenth Streets, Colu...

Significance: For over a century (1853-1965) the Columbus Iron works supplied the city and surrounding area with a wide assortment of cast iron goods, agricultural implements, industrial and building supplies, ... More

Columbus Iron Works, Front Avenue between Eighth & Tenth Streets, Columbus, Muscogee County, GA

Columbus Iron Works, Front Avenue between Eighth & Tenth Streets, Colu...

Significance: For over a century (1853-1965) the Columbus Iron works supplied the city and surrounding area with a wide assortment of cast iron goods, agricultural implements, industrial and building supplies, ... More

Bibb Company (Columbus Plant), Thirty-eighth Street & First Avenue (Columbus vicinity), Columbus, Muscogee County, GA

Bibb Company (Columbus Plant), Thirty-eighth Street & First Avenue (Co...

Significance: The main building of this operating textile mill extends a remarkable 1010 feet east from a bluff overlooking the Chattahoochee River. Until 1954 an American system of rope drive, turned directly... More

Muscogee Manufacturing Company, Front Avenue & Fourteenth Street, Columbus, Muscogee County, GA

Muscogee Manufacturing Company, Front Avenue & Fourteenth Street, Colu...

Significance: Each successive mill of the Muscogee complex has its own character and significance. All buildings erected at the site since 1868 remain standing, an unusual massing of industrial buildings which... More

Muscogee Manufacturing Company, Front Avenue & Fourteenth Street, Columbus, Muscogee County, GA

Muscogee Manufacturing Company, Front Avenue & Fourteenth Street, Colu...

Significance: Each successive mill of the Muscogee complex has its own character and significance. All buildings erected at the site since 1868 remain standing, an unusual massing of industrial buildings which... More

City Mills Company, Eighteenth Street & First Avenue, Columbus, Muscogee County, GA

City Mills Company, Eighteenth Street & First Avenue, Columbus, Muscog...

Significance: Grist milling has been continuous at the site since the City Mills were established in 1828. Some of the newer buildings house offices, equipment, and warehouses used in the production of feed. ... More

"Dinner-Toters" waiting for the gate to open. This is carried on more in Columbus than in any other city I know, and by smaller children. (See photos.) Many of them are paid by the week for doing it, and carry, sometimes, ten or more a day. They go around in the mill, often help tend to machines, which often run at noon, and so learn the work. A teacher told me the mothers expect the children to learn this way, long before they are of proper age. (See also Vaughn's Georgia Report, April, 1913.) Eagle and Pho[e]nix Mill.  Location: Columbus, Georgia.

"Dinner-Toters" waiting for the gate to open. This is carried on more ...

Picryl description: Public domain image of children in poverty, child labor, Great Depression, 1930s, migrant workers, free to use, no copyright restrictions.

I found some young helpers like his one in the Muscogee Mills, Columbus, Ga.  Location: Columbus, Georgia.

I found some young helpers like his one in the Muscogee Mills, Columbu...

Picryl description: Public domain image of a bridge, water, historic structure, free to use, no copyright restrictions.

Free Kindergarten (in Girards Ala.) run by the Eagle and Pho[e]nix Mills, Columbus, [Ga.] Has been closed over a year. The mill owners get a deal of free newspaper advertising about their wonderful Welfare Work, but it petered out this way.  Location: Columbus, Georgia.

Free Kindergarten (in Girards Ala.) run by the Eagle and Pho[e]nix Mil...

Picryl description: Public domain vintage artistic photograph, free to use, no copyright restrictions image.

Roy Young, said 10 years old. Works with brother Willis, 12 years old in Massey Hosiery Mills. Roy has worked some nights, once until 10 P.M. and he fell asleep in school next day. Haywood Tidd, smallest boy, is only 5 [?] years old, according to school record. He helps his brother regularly in Massey Mill, all day. Lives 1054 R.R. Street, Columbus, Ga.  Location: Columbus, Georgia.

Roy Young, said 10 years old. Works with brother Willis, 12 years old ...

Picryl description: Public domain image of boy workers, child labor, working children, economic conditions, free to use, no copyright restrictions.

Barbecue stand near Fort Benning, Columbus, Georgia

Barbecue stand near Fort Benning, Columbus, Georgia

Public domain photograph of Georgia in 1930s, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

Water trough and Y.M.C.A. (Young Mens Christian Association) welcome sign in square in center of town.  Columbus, Georgia

Water trough and Y.M.C.A. (Young Mens Christian Association) welcome s...

Public domain photograph of Georgia in 1930s, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

A couple of men standing in front of a store - FSA / Office of War Information Photograph

A couple of men standing in front of a store - FSA / Office of War Inf...

This image is one of the images made by photographers working in Stryker's unit as it existed in a succession of government agencies: the Farm Security Administration (1937-1942). The photographs of the Farm S... More

A black and white photo of two men and a baby. Office of War Information Photograph

A black and white photo of two men and a baby. Office of War Informati...

This image is one of the images made by photographers working in Stryker's unit as it existed in a succession of government agencies: the Farm Security Administration (1937-1942). The photographs of the Farm S... More

Soldier from Fort Benning on a street in Columbus, Georgia

Soldier from Fort Benning on a street in Columbus, Georgia

Public domain photograph - Georgia folklife collection, ethnography, United States, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

A group of men standing outside of a store. Office of War Information Photograph

A group of men standing outside of a store. Office of War Information ...

This image is one of the images made by photographers working in Stryker's unit as it existed in a succession of government agencies: the Farm Security Administration (1937-1942). The photographs of the Farm S... More

High Uptown Neighborhood, Second Avenue from 1523 to 1645, Columbus, Muscogee County, GA

High Uptown Neighborhood, Second Avenue from 1523 to 1645, Columbus, M...

Significance: The Columbus Historic District is approximately 166 acres of historic structures dating from 1828 to the late 1930s. This part of the city retains its original grid, wide tree lined streets, and s... More

High Uptown Neighborhood, Second Avenue from 1523 to 1645, Columbus, Muscogee County, GA

High Uptown Neighborhood, Second Avenue from 1523 to 1645, Columbus, M...

Significance: The Columbus Historic District is approximately 166 acres of historic structures dating from 1828 to the late 1930s. This part of the city retains its original grid, wide tree lined streets, and s... More

Triangle Building, 1333 Warren Avenue & 1300 Broadway, Columbus, Muscogee County, GA

Triangle Building, 1333 Warren Avenue & 1300 Broadway, Columbus, Musco...

Significance: Architecture: The only "flat-iron" building in Columbus, this structure uses the mansard-type tile roof reminiscent of Spanish Architecture. A modern building for the 1920s in Columbus, it uses ca... More

Columbus Railroad Company, Power Station, Eighteenth Street on Chattahoochee River, Columbus, Muscogee County, GA

Columbus Railroad Company, Power Station, Eighteenth Street on Chattah...

Significance: This was the first central hydroelectric generating station in Columbus. From 1887-1906 it produced most of the electricity used for street, commercial and residential lighting, and for small pow... More

Columbus Railroad Company, Power Station, Eighteenth Street on Chattahoochee River, Columbus, Muscogee County, GA

Columbus Railroad Company, Power Station, Eighteenth Street on Chattah...

Significance: This was the first central hydroelectric generating station in Columbus. From 1887-1906 it produced most of the electricity used for street, commercial and residential lighting, and for small pow... More

Georgia DOT Bridge No. 215-00001D-00936N, Spanning US 27, State Route 1 & Fourth Avenue, Columbus, Muscogee County, GA

Georgia DOT Bridge No. 215-00001D-00936N, Spanning US 27, State Route ...

Picryl description: Public domain image of railroad tracks, railway, train car, free to use, no copyright restrictions.

Swift Mansion, Columbus, Muscogee County, GA

Swift Mansion, Columbus, Muscogee County, GA

Public domain photograph - Georgia folklife collection, ethnography, United States, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

Empire Mills Company, Front Avenue between Eighth & Tenth Streets, Columbus, Muscogee County, GA

Empire Mills Company, Front Avenue between Eighth & Tenth Streets, Col...

Survey number: HAER GA-31 Building/structure dates: 1885 Initial Construction Building/structure dates: 1904 Subsequent Work

Biggs House, 912 Fifth Avenue, Columbus, Muscogee County, GA

Biggs House, 912 Fifth Avenue, Columbus, Muscogee County, GA

Significance: This house is significant as one of three adjacent, shotgun-style, two-story houses built around 1929. This was one of the first houses on the block to be built be a black. Survey number: HABS GA... More

W. C. Bradley Company, Front Avenue, Columbus, Muscogee County, GA

W. C. Bradley Company, Front Avenue, Columbus, Muscogee County, GA

Public domain photograph of industrial architecture, factory building, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

Springer-Bize-Coffee House, 930 Fifth Avenue, Columbus, Muscogee County, GA

Springer-Bize-Coffee House, 930 Fifth Avenue, Columbus, Muscogee Count...

Public domain photograph - Georgia folklife collection, ethnography, United States, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

"Dinner-Toters" waiting for the gate to open. This is carried on more in Columbus than in any other city I know, and by smaller children. (See photos.) Many of them are paid by the week for doing it, and carry, sometimes, ten or more a day. They go around in the mill, often help tend to machines, which often run at noon, and so learn the work. A teacher told me the mothers expect the children to learn this way, long before they are of proper age. (See also Vaughn's Georgia Report, April, 1913.) Eagle and Ph[o]enix Mill.  Location: Columbus, Georgia.

"Dinner-Toters" waiting for the gate to open. This is carried on more ...

Public domain photograph of crowd, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

Eagle & Phenix Mills, Front Street (1200-1300 Blocks), Columbus, Muscogee County, GA

Eagle & Phenix Mills, Front Street (1200-1300 Blocks), Columbus, Musco...

STORED OFF SITE AND ON SITE. mchr Significance: From its inception in 1851 the dynamic growth of the Eagle Mill represented the most important factor in Columbus's industrial development. In 1860 the Eagle Mil... More

Eagle & Phenix Mills, Front Street (1200-1300 Blocks), Columbus, Muscogee County, GA

Eagle & Phenix Mills, Front Street (1200-1300 Blocks), Columbus, Musco...

STORED OFF SITE AND ON SITE. mchr Significance: From its inception in 1851 the dynamic growth of the Eagle Mill represented the most important factor in Columbus's industrial development. In 1860 the Eagle Mil... More

Eagle & Phenix Mills, Front Street (1200-1300 Blocks), Columbus, Muscogee County, GA

Eagle & Phenix Mills, Front Street (1200-1300 Blocks), Columbus, Musco...

STORED OFF SITE AND ON SITE. mchr Significance: From its inception in 1851 the dynamic growth of the Eagle Mill represented the most important factor in Columbus's industrial development. In 1860 the Eagle Mil... More

Eagle & Phenix Mills, Front Street (1200-1300 Blocks), Columbus, Muscogee County, GA

Eagle & Phenix Mills, Front Street (1200-1300 Blocks), Columbus, Musco...

STORED OFF SITE AND ON SITE. mchr Significance: From its inception in 1851 the dynamic growth of the Eagle Mill represented the most important factor in Columbus's industrial development. In 1860 the Eagle Mil... More

Eagle & Phenix Mills, Front Street (1200-1300 Blocks), Columbus, Muscogee County, GA

Eagle & Phenix Mills, Front Street (1200-1300 Blocks), Columbus, Musco...

STORED OFF SITE AND ON SITE. mchr Significance: From its inception in 1851 the dynamic growth of the Eagle Mill represented the most important factor in Columbus's industrial development. In 1860 the Eagle Mil... More

Eagle & Phenix Mills, Front Street (1200-1300 Blocks), Columbus, Muscogee County, GA

Eagle & Phenix Mills, Front Street (1200-1300 Blocks), Columbus, Musco...

STORED OFF SITE AND ON SITE. mchr Significance: From its inception in 1851 the dynamic growth of the Eagle Mill represented the most important factor in Columbus's industrial development. In 1860 the Eagle Mil... More

Columbus Iron Works, Front Avenue between Eighth & Tenth Streets, Columbus, Muscogee County, GA

Columbus Iron Works, Front Avenue between Eighth & Tenth Streets, Colu...

Significance: For over a century (1853-1965) the Columbus Iron works supplied the city and surrounding area with a wide assortment of cast iron goods, agricultural implements, industrial and building supplies, ... More

Bibb Company (Columbus Plant), Thirty-eighth Street & First Avenue (Columbus vicinity), Columbus, Muscogee County, GA

Bibb Company (Columbus Plant), Thirty-eighth Street & First Avenue (Co...

Significance: The main building of this operating textile mill extends a remarkable 1010 feet east from a bluff overlooking the Chattahoochee River. Until 1954 an American system of rope drive, turned directly... More

Water Power Development at Falls of Chattahoochee, Chattahoochee River, Columbus, Muscogee County, GA

Water Power Development at Falls of Chattahoochee, Chattahoochee River...

Significance: As the Chattahoochee crosses the fall line at Columbus, Georgia, it falls 125 feet within 2 1/2 miles producing a potential energy of between 66,000 and 99,000 horsepower. That water power made C... More

Muscogee Manufacturing Company, Front Avenue & Fourteenth Street, Columbus, Muscogee County, GA

Muscogee Manufacturing Company, Front Avenue & Fourteenth Street, Colu...

Significance: Each successive mill of the Muscogee complex has its own character and significance. All buildings erected at the site since 1868 remain standing, an unusual massing of industrial buildings which... More

Muscogee Manufacturing Company, Front Avenue & Fourteenth Street, Columbus, Muscogee County, GA

Muscogee Manufacturing Company, Front Avenue & Fourteenth Street, Colu...

Significance: Each successive mill of the Muscogee complex has its own character and significance. All buildings erected at the site since 1868 remain standing, an unusual massing of industrial buildings which... More

City Mills Company, Eighteenth Street & First Avenue, Columbus, Muscogee County, GA

City Mills Company, Eighteenth Street & First Avenue, Columbus, Muscog...

Significance: Grist milling has been continuous at the site since the City Mills were established in 1828. Some of the newer buildings house offices, equipment, and warehouses used in the production of feed. ... More

City Mills Company, Eighteenth Street & First Avenue, Columbus, Muscogee County, GA

City Mills Company, Eighteenth Street & First Avenue, Columbus, Muscog...

Significance: Grist milling has been continuous at the site since the City Mills were established in 1828. Some of the newer buildings house offices, equipment, and warehouses used in the production of feed. ... More

City Mills Company, Eighteenth Street & First Avenue, Columbus, Muscogee County, GA

City Mills Company, Eighteenth Street & First Avenue, Columbus, Muscog...

Significance: Grist milling has been continuous at the site since the City Mills were established in 1828. Some of the newer buildings house offices, equipment, and warehouses used in the production of feed. ... More

City Mills Company, Eighteenth Street & First Avenue, Columbus, Muscogee County, GA

City Mills Company, Eighteenth Street & First Avenue, Columbus, Muscog...

Significance: Grist milling has been continuous at the site since the City Mills were established in 1828. Some of the newer buildings house offices, equipment, and warehouses used in the production of feed. ... More

Plan of fortifications at Columbus, Ga.

Plan of fortifications at Columbus, Ga.

Shows fortifications near Columbus, Georgia. Relief shown by hachures. Similar map appears in the U.S. War Dept.'s Atlas to accompany the official records of the Union and Confederate armies, 1891-95, pl. 132, ... More

Free Kindergarten (in Girard, Ala.) run by the Eagle and Phoenix Mills, Columbus, Ga. Has been closed over a year. The mill owners get a deal of free newspaper advertising about their wonderful Welfare Work, but it petered out this way.  Location: Columbus, Georgia.

Free Kindergarten (in Girard, Ala.) run by the Eagle and Phoenix Mills...

Public domain photograph of industrial architecture, factory building, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

Santa Claus and cannons in square in center of town. Columbus, Georgia

Santa Claus and cannons in square in center of town. Columbus, Georgia

Picryl description: Public domain image of an artillery gun, or cannon, free to use, no copyright restrictions.

A black and white photo of a billboard on the side of a building, Street scene in Columbus, Georgia

A black and white photo of a billboard on the side of a building, Stre...

Public domain photograph of downtown street signs, commercial advertisement, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

A black and white photo of a man leaning against a pole. Office of War Information Photograph

A black and white photo of a man leaning against a pole. Office of War...

This image is one of the images made by photographers working in Stryker's unit as it existed in a succession of government agencies: the Farm Security Administration (1937-1942). The photographs of the Farm S... More

A black and white photo of a man leaning against a pole. Office of War Information Photograph

A black and white photo of a man leaning against a pole. Office of War...

This image is one of the images made by photographers working in Stryker's unit as it existed in a succession of government agencies: the Farm Security Administration (1937-1942). The photographs of the Farm S... More

Springer-Bize-Farley House, 934 Fifth Avenue, Columbus, Muscogee County, GA

Springer-Bize-Farley House, 934 Fifth Avenue, Columbus, Muscogee Count...

Public domain photograph - Georgia folklife collection, ethnography, United States, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

High Uptown Neighborhood, Second Avenue from 1523 to 1645, Columbus, Muscogee County, GA

High Uptown Neighborhood, Second Avenue from 1523 to 1645, Columbus, M...

Significance: The Columbus Historic District is approximately 166 acres of historic structures dating from 1828 to the late 1930s. This part of the city retains its original grid, wide tree lined streets, and s... More

High Uptown Neighborhood, Second Avenue from 1523 to 1645, Columbus, Muscogee County, GA

High Uptown Neighborhood, Second Avenue from 1523 to 1645, Columbus, M...

Significance: The Columbus Historic District is approximately 166 acres of historic structures dating from 1828 to the late 1930s. This part of the city retains its original grid, wide tree lined streets, and s... More

Springer Opera House, 105 Tenth Street, Columbus, Muscogee County, GA

Springer Opera House, 105 Tenth Street, Columbus, Muscogee County, GA

Survey number: HABS GA-295 National Register of Historic Places NRIS Number: 70000214

GDOT Bridge No. 215/00101/x/00084E, Spanning Bull Creek at County Road 101, Columbus, Muscogee County, GA

GDOT Bridge No. 215/00101/x/00084E, Spanning Bull Creek at County Road...

Significance: GDOT Bridge #215/00101/X/00084E is representative of solid concrete arch bridge construction. It is one of thirteen solid concrete arch bridges in Georgia and one of two such bridges in Muscogee ... More

St. Elmo, 2810 Saint Elmo Drive, Columbus, Muscogee County, GA

St. Elmo, 2810 Saint Elmo Drive, Columbus, Muscogee County, GA

Survey number: HABS GA-129 Building/structure dates: 18t1 Initial Construction Building/structure dates: 1832 Subsequent Work

Seaboard Airline Railway, Freight Depot, Front Avenue, 1200-1300 Blocks, Columbus, Muscogee County, GA

Seaboard Airline Railway, Freight Depot, Front Avenue, 1200-1300 Block...

Significance: In 1902 the Seaboard Airline Railway built this freight terminal to serve the industries and businesses along Front Avenue. The building continued to function in that capacity until 1971. Since ... More

Seaboard Airline Railway, Freight Depot, Front Avenue, 1200-1300 Blocks, Columbus, Muscogee County, GA

Seaboard Airline Railway, Freight Depot, Front Avenue, 1200-1300 Block...

Significance: In 1902 the Seaboard Airline Railway built this freight terminal to serve the industries and businesses along Front Avenue. The building continued to function in that capacity until 1971. Since ... More

Columbus Railroad Company, Power Station, Eighteenth Street on Chattahoochee River, Columbus, Muscogee County, GA

Columbus Railroad Company, Power Station, Eighteenth Street on Chattah...

Significance: This was the first central hydroelectric generating station in Columbus. From 1887-1906 it produced most of the electricity used for street, commercial and residential lighting, and for small pow... More

Columbus Railroad Company, Power Station, Eighteenth Street on Chattahoochee River, Columbus, Muscogee County, GA

Columbus Railroad Company, Power Station, Eighteenth Street on Chattah...

Significance: This was the first central hydroelectric generating station in Columbus. From 1887-1906 it produced most of the electricity used for street, commercial and residential lighting, and for small pow... More

Fontaine Home, 1044 Front Avenue, Columbus, Muscogee County, GA

Fontaine Home, 1044 Front Avenue, Columbus, Muscogee County, GA

Survey number: HABS GA-140 Building/structure dates: 1830 Initial Construction

Eagle and Phoenix Mill. "Dinner-toters" waiting for the gate to open. This is carried on more in Columbus than in any other city I know, and by smaller children. (See photos.) Many of them are paid by the week for doing it, and carry, sometimes ten or more a day. They go around in the mill, often help tend to the machines, which often run at noon, and so learn the work. A teacher told me the mothers expect the children to learn this way, long before they are of proper age. (See also Vaughn's [?] Georgia Report, April, 1913.)  Location: Columbus, Georgia.

Eagle and Phoenix Mill. "Dinner-toters" waiting for the gate to open. ...

Public domain historical photo, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

Eagle & Phenix Mills, Front Street (1200-1300 Blocks), Columbus, Muscogee County, GA

Eagle & Phenix Mills, Front Street (1200-1300 Blocks), Columbus, Musco...

STORED OFF SITE AND ON SITE. mchr Significance: From its inception in 1851 the dynamic growth of the Eagle Mill represented the most important factor in Columbus's industrial development. In 1860 the Eagle Mil... More

Eagle & Phenix Mills, Front Street (1200-1300 Blocks), Columbus, Muscogee County, GA

Eagle & Phenix Mills, Front Street (1200-1300 Blocks), Columbus, Musco...

STORED OFF SITE AND ON SITE. mchr Significance: From its inception in 1851 the dynamic growth of the Eagle Mill represented the most important factor in Columbus's industrial development. In 1860 the Eagle Mil... More

Eagle & Phenix Mills, Front Street (1200-1300 Blocks), Columbus, Muscogee County, GA

Eagle & Phenix Mills, Front Street (1200-1300 Blocks), Columbus, Musco...

STORED OFF SITE AND ON SITE. mchr Significance: From its inception in 1851 the dynamic growth of the Eagle Mill represented the most important factor in Columbus's industrial development. In 1860 the Eagle Mil... More

Eagle & Phenix Mills, Front Street (1200-1300 Blocks), Columbus, Muscogee County, GA

Eagle & Phenix Mills, Front Street (1200-1300 Blocks), Columbus, Musco...

STORED OFF SITE AND ON SITE. mchr Significance: From its inception in 1851 the dynamic growth of the Eagle Mill represented the most important factor in Columbus's industrial development. In 1860 the Eagle Mil... More

Eagle & Phenix Mills, Front Street (1200-1300 Blocks), Columbus, Muscogee County, GA

Eagle & Phenix Mills, Front Street (1200-1300 Blocks), Columbus, Musco...

STORED OFF SITE AND ON SITE. mchr Significance: From its inception in 1851 the dynamic growth of the Eagle Mill represented the most important factor in Columbus's industrial development. In 1860 the Eagle Mil... More

Columbus Iron Works, Front Avenue between Eighth & Tenth Streets, Columbus, Muscogee County, GA

Columbus Iron Works, Front Avenue between Eighth & Tenth Streets, Colu...

Significance: For over a century (1853-1965) the Columbus Iron works supplied the city and surrounding area with a wide assortment of cast iron goods, agricultural implements, industrial and building supplies, ... More

Columbus Iron Works, Front Avenue between Eighth & Tenth Streets, Columbus, Muscogee County, GA

Columbus Iron Works, Front Avenue between Eighth & Tenth Streets, Colu...

Significance: For over a century (1853-1965) the Columbus Iron works supplied the city and surrounding area with a wide assortment of cast iron goods, agricultural implements, industrial and building supplies, ... More

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