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Serafino driving Chub, his mule. Shaft #7, Pennsylvania Coal Co., South Pittston, Pennsylvania  Location: South Pittston, Pennsylvania.

Serafino driving Chub, his mule. Shaft #7, Pennsylvania Coal Co., Sout...

Public domain photograph - historical image of Pennsylvania, United States, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

Arthur Havard, a young driver, Shaft #6, Pennsylvania Coal Company.  Location: South Pittston, Pennsylvania.

Arthur Havard, a young driver, Shaft #6, Pennsylvania Coal Company. L...

Public domain photograph - historical image of Pennsylvania, United States, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

A lonely job. Waiting all alone in the dark for a trip[?] to come through. It was so damp that Willie said he had to go to the doctor for his cough. A short distance from here, the gas was pouring into the mine so rapidly that it made a great torch when the foreman lit it. Lives at 164 Center St., Pittston, Pennsylvania This is Willie Bryden[?], a nipper. Been working there 4 mos. 500 ft. from the shaft, and a quarter of a mile underground from there. Shaft #6 Pennsylvania Coal Co. Walls have been whiterewashed to make it lighter. Jan 16 I found Willie at home sick, His mother admitted he is only 13 yrs old; will be 14 next July. She said 4 months after the mine boss told the father to take Willie to work, and they obtained a certificate from Squire Barrett. The only thing the squire could do was to make Willie out to be 16 yrs. Willie's father & brother are miners and the home is that of a frugal German family.  Location: Pittston, Pennsylvania.

A lonely job. Waiting all alone in the dark for a trip[?] to come thro...

Public domain historical photo, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

Group of boys working in #9 Breaker, Pennsylvania Coal Co., Hughestown Borough, Pittston, Pennsylvania In this group were Sam Belloma, Pine Street, Angelo Ross, 142 Panama Street, and others (reported previously).  Location: Pittston, Pennsylvania.

Group of boys working in #9 Breaker, Pennsylvania Coal Co., Hughestown...

Public domain image of personnel, army, group of people in uniform, parade, historic place, military activity, free to use, no copyright restrictions - Picryl description

Angelo Ross, 142 Panama Street, Hughestown Borough. A youngster who has been working in Breaker #9 Pennsylvania Company for four months, said he was 13 years old, but very doubtful. He has a brother Tony probably under 14, working.  Location: Pittston, Pennsylvania.

Angelo Ross, 142 Panama Street, Hughestown Borough. A youngster who ha...

Public domain photograph - historical image of Pennsylvania, United States, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

Jim McNulty, 10 Morgan St. Is a leader inside the mine at Leadville Shaft. Said he was 15 years old.  Location: North Pittston, Pennsylvania.

Jim McNulty, 10 Morgan St. Is a leader inside the mine at Leadville Sh...

Picryl description: Public domain vintage artistic photograph, free to use, no copyright restrictions image.

Tom Vitol (also called Dominick Dekatis) 76 Parsonage Street, Hughestown Burough [i.e., Borough] Works in Breaker #9. Probably under 14.  Location: Pittston, Pennsylvania.

Tom Vitol (also called Dominick Dekatis) 76 Parsonage Street, Hughesto...

Public domain photograph - historical image of Pennsylvania, United States, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

Arthur Havard, a young driver, Shaft #6, Pennsylvania Coal Company.  Location: South Pittston, Pennsylvania.

Arthur Havard, a young driver, Shaft #6, Pennsylvania Coal Company. L...

Public domain photograph - historical image of Pennsylvania, United States, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

Bird's eye view of Gardiner and Pittston, Kennebec Co., Maine, 1878 /

Bird's eye view of Gardiner and Pittston, Kennebec Co., Maine, 1878 /

Perspective map not drawn to scale. LC Panoramic maps (2nd ed.), 244.1 Available also through the Library of Congress Web site as a raster image. Indexed for points of interest. Vault AACR2: 100; 651/1; 651/2

Campbell's Ledge, on the Susquehanna near Pittston, Pa

Campbell's Ledge, on the Susquehanna near Pittston, Pa

Date based on Detroit, Catalogue J (1901). Detroit Publishing Co. no. 012238. Gift; State Historical Society of Colorado; 1949.

Breaker boys working in Ewen Breaker of Pennsylvania Coal Co. For some of their names see labels 1927 to 1930.  Location: South Pittston, Pennsylvania.

Breaker boys working in Ewen Breaker of Pennsylvania Coal Co. For some...

Picryl description: Public domain image of a child labor, factory, plant, manufacture, industrial facility, early 20th-century industrial architecture, free to use, no copyright restrictions.

Group of Breaker Boys in #9 Breaker, Hughestown Borough, Pennsylvania Coal Co. Smallest boy is Angelo Ross (see photos and labels #1953 & #1954).  Location: Pittston, Pennsylvania.

Group of Breaker Boys in #9 Breaker, Hughestown Borough, Pennsylvania ...

Public domain photograph of military personnel, army, militia, infantry, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

Group of boys working in #9 Breaker Pennsylvania Coal Co., Hughestown Borough, Pittston, Pennsylvania In this group are Sam Belloma, Pine Street, Angelo Ross, and others reported previously.  Location: Pittston, Pennsylvania.

Group of boys working in #9 Breaker Pennsylvania Coal Co., Hughestown ...

Public domain photograph - historical image of Pennsylvania, United States, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

Mule power and motor power. A Young Driver, Shaft #6, Pennsylvania Coal Company.  Location: Pittston, Pennsylvania.

Mule power and motor power. A Young Driver, Shaft #6, Pennsylvania Coa...

Public domain historical photo, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

At the close of the day. Just up from the shaft. All work below ground in aPennsylvania Coal Mine. Smallest boy, next to right hand end is a nipper. On his right is Arthur, a driver, Jo on Arthur's right is a nipper. Frank, boy on left end of photo, is a nipper, works a mile underground from the shaft, which is 5000 Ft. down.  Location: [South Pittston?], Pennsylvania.

At the close of the day. Just up from the shaft. All work below ground...

Picryl description: Public domain image of a child labor, factory, plant, manufacture, industrial facility, early 20th-century industrial architecture, free to use, no copyright restrictions.

[Pittston, Pennsylvania, with Pittston Stove Works in left center]

[Pittston, Pennsylvania, with Pittston Stove Works in left center]

Photoprint copyrighted by W.J. Harris. This record contains unverified data from caption card. Caption card tracings: Geogr.; Factories; Ph. Ind.

Group of boys working in #9 Breaker Pennsylvania Coal Co., Hughestown Borough, Pittston, Pennsylvania In this group are Sam Belloma, Pine Street, Angelo Ross, and others reported previously.  Location: Pittston, Pennsylvania.

Group of boys working in #9 Breaker Pennsylvania Coal Co., Hughestown ...

Public domain photograph - historical image of Pennsylvania, United States, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

A young leader and a driver, Shaft #6, Pennsylvania Coal Company. Pasquale Salvo and Sandy Castina.  Location: Pittston, Pennsylvania.

A young leader and a driver, Shaft #6, Pennsylvania Coal Company. Pasq...

Picryl description: Public domain image of an arch stone structure, bridge, or tunnel, free to use, no copyright restrictions.

At the close of the day. Waiting for the cage to go up. The cage is entirely open on two sides and not very well protected on other two, and is usually crowded like this. Small boy in front is Jo Pume, a Nipper, 163 Pine Street. Shaft #6, Pennsylvania Coal Co.,.  Location: South Pittston, Pennsylvania.

At the close of the day. Waiting for the cage to go up. The cage is en...

Public domain photograph - historical image of Pennsylvania, United States, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

Campbell's Ledge, on the Susquehanna near Pittston, Pennsylvania

Campbell's Ledge, on the Susquehanna near Pittston, Pennsylvania

Picryl description: Public domain image of a river or lake, forest, trees, water stream, free to use, no copyright restrictions.

Breaker boys in #9 Breaker, Hughestown Borough, Pennsylvania Coal Co. Smallest boy is Angelo Ross, (See labels #1953 + #1951.)  Location: Pittston, Pennsylvania.

Breaker boys in #9 Breaker, Hughestown Borough, Pennsylvania Coal Co. ...

Picryl description: Public domain image of a child labor, factory, plant, manufacture, industrial facility, early 20th-century industrial architecture, free to use, no copyright restrictions.

Group of Breaker boys. Smallest is Sam Belloma, Pine Street. (See label #1949).  Location: Pittston, Pennsylvania.

Group of Breaker boys. Smallest is Sam Belloma, Pine Street. (See labe...

Picryl description: Public domain image of a coal mine, industrial facility, mining industry, early 20th-century industrial architecture, free to use, no copyright restrictions.

At the close of the day. Waiting for the cage to go up. The cage is entirely open on two sides and not very well protected on other two, and is usually crowded like this. Small boy in front is Jo Pume, a Nipper, 163 Pine Street. Shaft #6, Pennsylvania Coal Co.,.  Location: South Pittston, Pennsylvania.

At the close of the day. Waiting for the cage to go up. The cage is en...

Public domain historical photo, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

Resting with the load at the head of the slope. Shaft #6 Pennsylvania Coal Co., Small boy is Jo Puma, a Nipper, 163 Pine Street. Jo's mother showed me the passport which shows Jo to be 14 years old, but he has no school certificate, although working inside the mine. Location: Pittston, Pennsylvania

Resting with the load at the head of the slope. Shaft #6 Pennsylvania ...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Coal mines. Hine no. 1923. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Di... More

Breaker boys in #9 Breaker, Hughestown Borough, Pennsylvania Coal Co. Smallest boy is Angelo Ross, (See labels #1953 + #1951.) Location: Pittston, Pennsylvania

Breaker boys in #9 Breaker, Hughestown Borough, Pennsylvania Coal Co. ...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Coal mines. Hine no. 1950. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Di... More

A view of the Pennsylvania Breaker. The dust was so dense at times as to obscure the view. This dust penetrates the utmost recess of the boy's lungs.  Location: South Pittston, Pennsylvania.

A view of the Pennsylvania Breaker. The dust was so dense at times as ...

Public domain historical photo, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

These are all breaker-boys. (See photos taken at Ewen Breaker, later.) They were very suspicious of my motives. Sam Bellom (boy on left end of photo), 58 Pine Street. Been working in breaker #9 for two years, he says. He says, also, that he is 14 years old, but does not appear to be? Sam Topent (next to Bellom), 52 Pine Street. Been working at Ewen Breaker two years. Said, "I'm fourteen years, an' if you don' believe me, I kin show you de proofs." (They were all suspicious.) This boy had told the School Principal the other day that he was 13 years old, which may be too high. James Ritz (in middle), 28 Pine Street. Been working one year at Ewen Breaker. Said "14 years old," but this is unbelievable. Mikey Captan (small boy on James' left) 45 Pine St. Been working one year at Ewen Breaker, said he was 12 years old, but doesn't appear to be that. Tony Captan (right end of photo), 45 Pine St. Been working in Ewen Breaker one year. I found these boys and many others, working at Ewen Breaker, and photographed them (see photos). Boy on extreme right end of photo is Jo Topent, 52 Pine St. Been working at Ewen Breaker two years. Said he was 14 years old but does not appear to be. He was very suspicious of me and refused to be in first photo.  Location: Pittston, Pennsylvania.

These are all breaker-boys. (See photos taken at Ewen Breaker, later.)...

Picryl description: Public domain photograph of child, child labor, farmer, early 20th-century farm, free to use, no copyright restrictions.

Breaker boys working in Ewen Breaker of Pennsylvania Coal Co. For some of their names see labels 1927 to 1930.  Location: South Pittston, Pennsylvania.

Breaker boys working in Ewen Breaker of Pennsylvania Coal Co. For some...

Picryl description: Public domain image of a child labor, factory, plant, manufacture, industrial facility, early 20th-century industrial architecture, free to use, no copyright restrictions.

Group of Breaker boys. Smallest is Sam Belloma, Pine Street. (See label #1949). Location: Pittston, Pennsylvania

Group of Breaker boys. Smallest is Sam Belloma, Pine Street. (See labe...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Coal mines. Hine no. 1948. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Di... More

Resting with the load at the head of the slope. Shaft #6 Pennsylvania Coal Co., Small boy is Jo Puma, a Nipper, 163 Pine Street. Jo's mother showed me the passport which shows Jo to be 14 years old, but he has no school certificate, although working inside the mine.  Location: Pittston, Pennsylvania.

Resting with the load at the head of the slope. Shaft #6 Pennsylvania ...

Picryl description: Public domain image of a coal mine, mining, free to use, no copyright restrictions.

Noon hour in the Ewen Breaker, Pennsylvania Coal Co.  Location: South Pittston, Pennsylvania.

Noon hour in the Ewen Breaker, Pennsylvania Coal Co. Location: South ...

Picryl description: Public domain image of a mine, mining, free to use, no copyright restrictions.

Breaker boys in #9 Breaker, Hughestown Borough, Pennsylvania Coal Co. Smallest boy is Angelo Ross, (See labels #1953 + #1951.)  Location: Pittston, Pennsylvania.

Breaker boys in #9 Breaker, Hughestown Borough, Pennsylvania Coal Co. ...

Picryl description: Public domain image of a child labor, factory, plant, manufacture, industrial facility, early 20th-century industrial architecture, free to use, no copyright restrictions.

A view of Ewen Breaker of the Pennsylvania [Pennsylvania] Coal Co. The dust was so dense at times as to obscure the view. This dust penetrates the utmost recesses of the boys' lungs. (See also labels 1927 to 1930 for names of some of these.)  Location: South Pittston, Pennsylvania.

A view of Ewen Breaker of the Pennsylvania [Pennsylvania] Coal Co. The...

Picryl description: Public domain image of a child labor, factory, plant, manufacture, industrial facility, early 20th-century industrial architecture, free to use, no copyright restrictions.

Bridge over the Susquehanna, Pittston, Pennsylvania

Bridge over the Susquehanna, Pittston, Pennsylvania

Picryl description: Public domain vintage artistic photograph, free to use, no copyright restrictions image.

Angelo Ross, 142 Panama Street, Hughestown Borough, a youngster who has been working in Breaker #9 Pennsylvania Co. for four months, said he was 13 years old, but very doubtful. He has a brother, Tony, probably under 14 working.  Location: Pittston, Pennsylvania.

Angelo Ross, 142 Panama Street, Hughestown Borough, a youngster who ha...

Public domain photograph - historical image of Pennsylvania, United States, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

Inside workers shaft #6 Pennsylvania Coal Company,.  Location: South Pittston, Pennsylvania.

Inside workers shaft #6 Pennsylvania Coal Company,. Location: South P...

Picryl description: Public domain image of boy workers, child labor, working children, economic conditions, free to use, no copyright restrictions.

All work in Ewen Breaker, Pennsylvania Coal Co. (see photos taken at breaker later). Philip Kurato (on left end of photo) 177 So. Main St., Pittston, Pennsylvania Working in breaker for 6 months, said he was 12 years old, but doesn't appear to be that. Told the school Principal the other day he was 13 years old. Jo Tabone (middle) 141 Thompkin St., benn [i.e., been] working three years in Ewen Breaker. Said 14 years old but doesn't appear to be. Charlie Bootha (right-end) said he was 12 years old. Works at Ewen Breaker. Lives in Sebastopol. Couldn't spell his own name and didn't know name of street he lives on. Seems to be under 12 years old. All were suspicious of my sending them to school. Philip Kurato's step-mother told me (through an interpreter) that he has a birth certificate showing him to be 13 years old; that he has been working in the breaker for two years - and that Squire Barrett gave him his working papers. The step-mother owns a home near by, said to be worth $1,500.  Location: Port Griffith, Pennsylvania.

All work in Ewen Breaker, Pennsylvania Coal Co. (see photos taken at b...

Public domain photograph of family portrait, mother and child, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

Breaker boys working in Ewen Breaker of Pennsylvania Coal Co. For some of their names see labels 1927 to 1930.  Location: South Pittston, Pennsylvania.

Breaker boys working in Ewen Breaker of Pennsylvania Coal Co. For some...

Picryl description: Public domain image of a child labor, factory, plant, manufacture, industrial facility, early 20th-century industrial architecture, free to use, no copyright restrictions.

Group of Breaker Boys in #9 Breaker, Hughestown Borough, Pennsylvania Coal Co. Smallest boy is Angelo Ross (see photos and labels #1953 & #1954). Location: Pittston, Pennsylvania

Group of Breaker Boys in #9 Breaker, Hughestown Borough, Pennsylvania ...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Coal mines. Hine no. 1949. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Di... More

Mule power and motor power. A Young Driver, Shaft #6, Pennsylvania Coal Company. Location: Pittston, Pennsylvania

Mule power and motor power. A Young Driver, Shaft #6, Pennsylvania Coa...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Coal mines. Hine no. 1924. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Di... More

Four Breaker Boys working in #9 Breaker, Hughestown Borough. Boy on left is Tony Ross, 142 Panama Street, other small boy is Mike Rosa [i.e., Ross?], cousin.  Location: Pittston, Pennsylvania.

Four Breaker Boys working in #9 Breaker, Hughestown Borough. Boy on le...

Public domain photograph - historical image of Pennsylvania, United States, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

Breaker #9, Hughestown Borough, Pennsylvania Coal Co. One of these is James Leonard. Corner Central St. & Ross St., Pittston, Pennsylvania Another is Stanley Rasmus, Main Street Near Church Street, Du Pont, Pennsylvania  Location: Pittston, Pennsylvania.

Breaker #9, Hughestown Borough, Pennsylvania Coal Co. One of these is ...

Public domain photograph - historical image of Pennsylvania, United States, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

Mule power and motor power. A Young Driver, Shaft #6, Pennsylvania Coal Company.  Location: Pittston, Pennsylvania.

Mule power and motor power. A Young Driver, Shaft #6, Pennsylvania Coa...

Public domain historical photo, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

A view of Ewen Breaker of the Pennsylvania [Pennsylvania] Coal Co. The dust was so dense at times as to obscure the view. This dust penetrates the utmost recesses of the boys' lungs. (See also labels 1927 to 1930 for names of some of these.)  Location: South Pittston, Pennsylvania.

A view of Ewen Breaker of the Pennsylvania [Pennsylvania] Coal Co. The...

Picryl description: Public domain image of a child labor, factory, plant, manufacture, industrial facility, early 20th-century industrial architecture, free to use, no copyright restrictions.

Angelo Ross, 142 Panama Street, Hughestown Borough. A youngster who has been working in Breaker #9 Pennsylvania Company for four months, said he was 13 years old, but very doubtful. He has a brother Tony probably under 14, working. Location: Pittston, Pennsylvania

Angelo Ross, 142 Panama Street, Hughestown Borough. A youngster who ha...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Coal mines. Hine no. 1954. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Di... More

Group of Breaker Boys in #9 Breaker, Hughestown Borough, Pennsylvania Coal Co. Smallest boy is Angelo Ross (see photos and labels #1953 & #1954).  Location: Pittston, Pennsylvania.

Group of Breaker Boys in #9 Breaker, Hughestown Borough, Pennsylvania ...

Picryl description: Public domain image of a child labor, factory, plant, manufacture, industrial facility, early 20th-century industrial architecture, free to use, no copyright restrictions.

Resting with the load at the head of the slope. Shaft #6 Pennsylvania Coal Co., Small boy is Jo Puma, a Nipper, 163 Pine Street. Jo's mother showed me the passport which shows Jo to be 14 years old, but he has no school certificate, although working inside the mine.  Location: Pittston, Pennsylvania.

Resting with the load at the head of the slope. Shaft #6 Pennsylvania ...

Picryl description: Public domain image of a miner, coal mine, free to use, no copyright restrictions.

A lonely job. Waiting all alone in the dark for a trip[?] to come through. It was so damp that Willie said he had to go to the doctor for his cough. A short distance from here, the gas was pouring into the mine so rapidly that it made a great torch when the foreman lit it. Lives at 164 Center St., Pittston, Pennsylvania This is Willie Bryden[?], a nipper. Been working there 4 mos. 500 ft. from the shaft, and a quarter of a mile underground from there. Shaft #6 Pennsylvania Coal Co. Walls have been whiterewashed to make it lighter. Jan 16 I found Willie at home sick, His mother admitted he is only 13 yrs old; will be 14 next July. She said 4 months after the mine boss told the father to take Willie to work, and they obtained a certificate from Squire Barrett. The only thing the squire could do was to make Willie out to be 16 yrs. Willie's father & brother are miners and the home is that of a frugal German family.  Location: Pittston, Pennsylvania.

A lonely job. Waiting all alone in the dark for a trip[?] to come thro...

Public domain historical photo, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

A lonely job. Waiting all alone in the dark for a trip[?] to come through. It was so damp that Willie said he had to go to the doctor for his cough. A short distance from here, the gas was pouring into the mine so rapidly that it made a great torch when the foreman lit it. Lives at 164 Center St., Pittston, Pennsylvania This is Willie Bryden[?], a nipper. Been working there 4 mos. 500 ft. from the shaft, and a quarter of a mile underground from there. Shaft #6 Pennsylvania Coal Co. Walls have been whiterewashed to make it lighter. Jan 16 I found Willie at home sick, His mother admitted he is only 13 yrs old; will be 14 next July. She said 4 months after the mine boss told the father to take Willie to work, and they obtained a certificate from Squire Barrett. The only thing the squire could do was to make Willie out to be 16 yrs. Willie's father & brother are miners and the home is that of a frugal German family.  Location: Pittston, Pennsylvania.

A lonely job. Waiting all alone in the dark for a trip[?] to come thro...

Public domain historical photo, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

Pittston and West Pittston, Pennsylvania.

Pittston and West Pittston, Pennsylvania.

Perspective map not drawn to scale. Bird's-eye-view. "Published by T. M. Fowler & James B. Moyer." LC Panoramic maps (2nd ed.), 833.1 Available also through the Library of Congress Web site as a raster image. I... More

Breaker #9, Hughestown Borough, Pennsylvania Coal Co. One of these is James Leonard. Corner Central St. & Ross St., Pittston, Pennsylvania Another is Stanley Rasmus, Main Street Near Church Street, Du Pont, Pennsylvania Location: Pittston, Pennsylvania

Breaker #9, Hughestown Borough, Pennsylvania Coal Co. One of these is ...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Coal mines. Hine no. 1947. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Di... More

Holding the door open while a trip? goes through. Willie Bryden, a nipper, 164 Center St. A lonely job. Waiting all alone in the dark for a trip to come through. It was so damp that Willie said he had to be doctoring all the time for his cough. A short distance from here, the gas was pouring into the mine so rapidly that it made a great torch when the foreman lit it. Willie had been working here for four months, 500 feet down the shaft, and a quarter of a mile underground from there. (Shaft #6 Pennsylvania Coal Co.) Walls have been whitewashed to make it lighter. January 16th, I found Willie at home sick, His mother admitted that he is only 13 yrs old; will be 14 next July. Said that 4 mos. ago the mine boss told the father to take Willie to work, and that they obtained the certificate from Squire Barrett. (The only thing the Squire could do was to make Willie out to be 16 yrs old.) Willie's father and brother are miners and the home is that of a frugal German family. Location: Pittston, Pennsylvania

Holding the door open while a trip? goes through. Willie Bryden, a nip...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Coal mines. Hine no. 1922. Reproduction no. LC-USZ6-1212. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Cong... More

Breaker boys working in Ewen Breaker of Pennsylvania Coal Co. For some of their names see labels 1927 to 1930.  Location: South Pittston, Pennsylvania.

Breaker boys working in Ewen Breaker of Pennsylvania Coal Co. For some...

Picryl description: Public domain image of a child labor, factory, plant, manufacture, industrial facility, early 20th-century industrial architecture, free to use, no copyright restrictions.

A view of the Pennsylvania Breaker. The dust was so dense at times as to obscure the view. This dust penetrates the utmost recess of the boy's lungs.  Location: South Pittston, Pennsylvania.

A view of the Pennsylvania Breaker. The dust was so dense at times as ...

Public domain historical photo, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

Holding the door open while a trip[?] goes through. Willie Bryden, a nipper, 164 Center St. A lonely job. Waiting all alone in the dark for a trip to come through. It was so damp that Willie said he had to be doctoring all the time for his cough. A short distance from here, the gas was pouring into the mine so rapidly that it made a great torch when the foreman lit it. Willie had been working here for four months, 500 feet down the shaft, and a quarter of a mile underground from there. (Shaft #6 Pennsylvania Coal Co.) Walls have been whitewashed to make it lighter. January 16th, I found Willie at home sick, His mother admitted that he is only 13 yrs old; will be 14 next July. Said that 4 mos. ago the mine boss told the father to take Willie to work, and that they obtained the certificate from Squire Barrett. (The only thing the Squire could do was to make Willie out to be 16 yrs old.) Willie's father and brother are miners and the home is that of a frugal German family.  Location: Pittston, Pennsylvania.

Holding the door open while a trip[?] goes through. Willie Bryden, a n...

Picryl description: Public domain image of a coal mine, mining, free to use, no copyright restrictions.

Holding the door open while a trip[?] goes through. Willie Bryden, a nipper, 164 Center St. A lonely job. Waiting all alone in the dark for a trip to come through. It was so damp that Willie said he had to be doctoring all the time for his cough. A short distance from here, the gas was pouring into the mine so rapidly that it made a great torch when the foreman lit it. Willie had been working here for four months, 500 feet down the shaft, and a quarter of a mile underground from there. (Shaft #6 Pennsylvania Coal Co.) Walls have been whitewashed to make it lighter. January 16th, I found Willie at home sick, His mother admitted that he is only 13 yrs old; will be 14 next July. Said that 4 mos. ago the mine boss told the father to take Willie to work, and that they obtained the certificate from Squire Barrett. (The only thing the Squire could do was to make Willie out to be 16 yrs old.) Willie's father and brother are miners and the home is that of a frugal German family.  Location: Pittston, Pennsylvania.

Holding the door open while a trip[?] goes through. Willie Bryden, a n...

Picryl description: Public domain image of a miner, coal mine, free to use, no copyright restrictions.

These are all breaker-boys. (See photos taken at Ewen Breaker, later.) They were very suspicious of my motives. Sam Bellom (boy on left end of photo), 58 Pine Street. Been working in breaker #9 for two years, he says. He says, also, that he is 14 years old, but does not appear to be? Sam Topent (next to Bellom), 52 Pine Street. Been working at Ewen Breaker two years. Said, "I'm fourteen years, an' if you don' believe me, I kin show you de proofs." (They were all suspicious.) This boy had told the School Principal the other day that he was 13 years old, which may be too high. James Ritz (in middle), 28 Pine Street. Been working one year at Ewen Breaker. Said "14 years old," but this is unbelievable. Mikey Captan (small boy on James' left) 45 Pine St. Been working one year at Ewen Breaker, said he was 12 years old, but doesn't appear to be that. Tony Captan (right end of photo), 45 Pine St. Been working in Ewen Breaker one year. I found these boys and many others, working at Ewen Breaker, and photographed them (see photos). Boy on extreme right end of photo is Jo Topent, 52 Pine St. Been working at Ewen Breaker two years. Said he was 14 years old but does not appear to be. He was very suspicious of me and refused to be in first photo.  Location: Pittston, Pennsylvania.

These are all breaker-boys. (See photos taken at Ewen Breaker, later.)...

Public domain image of an industrial building, factory, structure, works, 19th-20th century industrial revolution, free to use, no copyright restrictions - Picryl description

A lonely job. Waiting all alone in the dark for a trip[?] to come through. It was so damp that Willie said he had to go to the doctor for his cough. A short distance from here, the gas was pouring into the mine so rapidly that it made a great torch when the foreman lit it. Lives at 164 Center St., Pittston, Pennsylvania This is Willie Bryden[?], a nipper. Been working there 4 mos. 500 ft. from the shaft, and a quarter of a mile underground from there. Shaft #6 Pennsylvania Coal Co. Walls have been whiterewashed to make it lighter. Jan 16 I found Willie at home sick, His mother admitted he is only 13 yrs old; will be 14 next July. She said 4 months after the mine boss told the father to take Willie to work, and they obtained a certificate from Squire Barrett. The only thing the squire could do was to make Willie out to be 16 yrs. Willie's father & brother are miners and the home is that of a frugal German family.  Location: Pittston, Pennsylvania.

A lonely job. Waiting all alone in the dark for a trip[?] to come thro...

Public domain historical photo, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

At the close of the day. Just up from the shaft. All work below ground in aPennsylvania Coal Mine. Smallest boy, next to right hand end is a nipper. On his right is Arthur, a driver, Jo on Arthur's right is a nipper. Frank, boy on left end of photo, is a nipper, works a mile underground from the shaft, which is 5000 Ft. down.  Location: [South Pittston?], Pennsylvania.

At the close of the day. Just up from the shaft. All work below ground...

Picryl description: Public domain image of a child labor, factory, plant, manufacture, industrial facility, early 20th-century industrial architecture, free to use, no copyright restrictions.

Group of Breaker boys. Smallest is Sam Belloma, Pine Street. (See label #1949).  Location: Pittston, Pennsylvania.

Group of Breaker boys. Smallest is Sam Belloma, Pine Street. (See labe...

Picryl description: Public domain image of a child labor, factory, plant, manufacture, industrial facility, early 20th-century industrial architecture, free to use, no copyright restrictions.

A young leader and a driver, Shaft #6, Pennsylvania Coal Company. Pasquale Salvo and Sandy Castina.  Location: Pittston, Pennsylvania.

A young leader and a driver, Shaft #6, Pennsylvania Coal Company. Pasq...

Picryl description: Public domain image of a miner, coal mine, free to use, no copyright restrictions.

Tom Vitol (also called Dominick Dekatis) 76 Parsonage Street, Hughestown Burough i.e., Borough Works in Breaker #9. Probably under 14. Location: Pittston, Pennsylvania

Tom Vitol (also called Dominick Dekatis) 76 Parsonage Street, Hughesto...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Coal mines. Hine no. 1952. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Di... More

Holding the door open while a trip? goes through. Willie Bryden, a nipper, 164 Center St. A lonely job. Waiting all alone in the dark for a trip to come through. It was so damp that Willie said he had to be doctoring all the time for his cough. A short distance from here, the gas was pouring into the mine so rapidly that it made a great torch when the foreman lit it. Willie had been working here for four months, 500 feet down the shaft, and a quarter of a mile underground from there. (Shaft #6 Pennsylvania Coal Co.) Walls have been whitewashed to make it lighter. January 16th, I found Willie at home sick, His mother admitted that he is only 13 yrs old; will be 14 next July. Said that 4 mos. ago the mine boss told the father to take Willie to work, and that they obtained the certificate from Squire Barrett. (The only thing the Squire could do was to make Willie out to be 16 yrs old.) Willie's father and brother are miners and the home is that of a frugal German family. Location: Pittston, Pennsylvania

Holding the door open while a trip? goes through. Willie Bryden, a nip...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Coal mines. Hine no. 1922. Reproduction no. LC-USZ6-1212. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Cong... More

A view of the Pennsylvania Breaker. The dust was so dense at times as to obscure the view. This dust penetrates the utmost recess of the boy's lungs.  Location: South Pittston, Pennsylvania.

A view of the Pennsylvania Breaker. The dust was so dense at times as ...

Public domain photograph - historical image of Pennsylvania, United States, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

Bridge over the Susquehanna, Pittston, Pa

Bridge over the Susquehanna, Pittston, Pa

Date based on Detroit, Catalogue J (1901). Detroit Publishing Co. no. 011614. Gift; State Historical Society of Colorado; 1949.

A view of Ewen Breaker of the Pennsylvania [Pennsylvania] Coal Co. The dust was so dense at times as to obscure the view. This dust penetrates the utmost recesses of the boy's lungs. (See labels 1927 to 1930 for names of some of these.) A kind of slave driver sometimes stands over the boys, prodding or kicking them into obedience.  Location: South Pittston, Pennsylvania.

A view of Ewen Breaker of the Pennsylvania [Pennsylvania] Coal Co. The...

Public domain photograph of military personnel, army, militia, infantry, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

Noon hour in the Ewen Breaker, Pennsylvania Coal Co.  Location: South Pittston, Pennsylvania.

Noon hour in the Ewen Breaker, Pennsylvania Coal Co. Location: South ...

Picryl description: Public domain image of a mine, mining, free to use, no copyright restrictions.

Map of the county of Luzerne, Pennsylvania /

Map of the county of Luzerne, Pennsylvania /

General-content county map showing rural buildings and householders' names; some inset maps show building coverage and owners' names. Hand col. to distinguish minor civil divisions (townships, boroughs, cities)... More

Group of Breaker boys. Smallest is Sam Belloma, Pine Street. (See label #1949). Location: Pittston, Pennsylvania

Group of Breaker boys. Smallest is Sam Belloma, Pine Street. (See labe...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Coal mines. Hine no. 1948. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Di... More

Four Breaker Boys working in #9 Breaker, Hughestown Borough. Boy on left is Tony Ross, 142 Panama Street, other small boy is Mike Rosa i.e., Ross?, cousin. Location: Pittston, Pennsylvania

Four Breaker Boys working in #9 Breaker, Hughestown Borough. Boy on le...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Coal mines. Hine no. 1951. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Di... More

Map of about 8000 acres of land on Spring Brook in the towns of Pittston and Covington, County of Luzerne, State of Pennsylvania.
These are all breaker-boys. (See photos taken at Ewen Breaker, later.) They were very suspicious of my motives. Sam Bellom (boy on left end of photo), 58 Pine Street. Been working in breaker #9 for two years, he says. He says, also, that he is 14 years old, but does not appear to be? Sam Topent (next to Bellom), 52 Pine Street. Been working at Ewen Breaker two years. Said, "I'm fourteen years, an' if you don' believe me, I kin show you de proofs." (They were all suspicious.) This boy had told the School Principal the other day that he was 13 years old, which may be too high. James Ritz (in middle), 28 Pine Street. Been working one year at Ewen Breaker. Said, "14 years old," but this is unbelievable. Mikey Captan (small boy on James' left) 45 Pine St. Been working one year at Ewen Breaker, said he was 12 years old, but doesn't appear to be that. Tony Captan (right end of photo), 45 Pine St. Been working in Ewen Breaker one year. I found these boys and many others, working at Ewen Breaker, and photographed them (see photos).  Location: Pittston, Pennsylvania.

These are all breaker-boys. (See photos taken at Ewen Breaker, later.)...

Picryl description: Public domain photograph of child, child labor, farmer, early 20th-century farm, free to use, no copyright restrictions.

Resting with the load at the head of the slope. Shaft #6 Pennsylvania Coal Co., Small boy is Jo Puma, a Nipper, 163 Pine Street. Jo's mother showed me the passport which shows Jo to be 14 years old, but he has no school certificate, although working inside the mine. Location: Pittston, Pennsylvania

Resting with the load at the head of the slope. Shaft #6 Pennsylvania ...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Coal mines. Hine no. 1923. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Di... More

A view of the Pennsylvania Breaker. The dust was so dense at times as to obscure the view. This dust penetrates the utmost recess of the boy's lungs.  Location: South Pittston, Pennsylvania.

A view of the Pennsylvania Breaker. The dust was so dense at times as ...

Public domain historical photo, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

Four Breaker Boys working in #9 Breaker, Hughestown Borough. Boy on left is Tony Ross, 142 Panama Street, other small boy is Mike Rosa [i.e., Ross?], cousin.  Location: Pittston, Pennsylvania.

Four Breaker Boys working in #9 Breaker, Hughestown Borough. Boy on le...

Public domain photograph - historical image of Pennsylvania, United States, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

Breaker boys working in Ewen Breaker of Pennsylvania Coal Co. For some of their names see labels 1927 to 1930.  Location: South Pittston, Pennsylvania.

Breaker boys working in Ewen Breaker of Pennsylvania Coal Co. For some...

Picryl description: Public domain image of a child labor, factory, plant, manufacture, industrial facility, early 20th-century industrial architecture, free to use, no copyright restrictions.

Angelo Ross, 142 Panama Street, Hughestown Borough, a youngster who has been working in Breaker #9 Pennsylvania Co. for four months, said he was 13 years old, but very doubtful. He has a brother, Tony, probably under 14 working. Location: Pittston, Pennsylvania

Angelo Ross, 142 Panama Street, Hughestown Borough, a youngster who ha...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Coal mines. Hine no. 1953. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Di... More

Breaker boys working in Ewen Breaker of Pennsylvania Coal Co. For some of their names see labels 1927 to 1930.  Location: South Pittston, Pennsylvania.

Breaker boys working in Ewen Breaker of Pennsylvania Coal Co. For some...

Public domain image of an industrial building, factory, structure, works, 19th-20th century industrial revolution, free to use, no copyright restrictions - Picryl description

Breaker #9, Hughestown Borough, Pennsylvania Coal Co. One of these is James Leonard. Corner Central St. & Ross St., Pittston, Pennsylvania Another is Stanley Rasmus, Main Street Near Church Street, Du Pont, Pennsylvania  Location: Pittston, Pennsylvania.

Breaker #9, Hughestown Borough, Pennsylvania Coal Co. One of these is ...

Public domain photograph of people working, worker, workforce, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

Arthur Havard, a young driver, Shaft #6, Pennsylvania Coal Company.  Location: South Pittston, Pennsylvania.

Arthur Havard, a young driver, Shaft #6, Pennsylvania Coal Company. L...

Public domain photograph - historical image of Pennsylvania, United States, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

[Dome] burned out of the solid rock by gas in no. 6 shaft of the Pennsylvania Coal Co., Pittston, Pennsylvania

[Dome] burned out of the solid rock by gas in no. 6 shaft of the Penns...

Public domain photograph of a cave, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

Breaker #9, Hughestown Borough, Pennsylvania Coal Co. One of these is James Leonard. Corner Central St. & Ross St., Pittston, Pennsylvania Another is Stanley Rasmus, Main Street Near Church Street, Du Pont, Pennsylvania Location: Pittston, Pennsylvania

Breaker #9, Hughestown Borough, Pennsylvania Coal Co. One of these is ...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Coal mines. Hine no. 1947. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Di... More

Group of boys working in #9 Breaker, Pennsylvania Coal Co., Hughestown Borough, Pittston, Pennsylvania In this group were Sam Belloma, Pine Street, Angelo Ross, 142 Panama Street, and others (reported previously). Location: Pittston, Pennsylvania

Group of boys working in #9 Breaker, Pennsylvania Coal Co., Hughestown...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Coal mines. Hine no. 1957. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Di... More

Group of boys working in #9 Breaker Pennsylvania Coal Co, Hughestown Borough, Pittstown, Pennsylvania In this group were Sam Belloma, Pine Street, Angelo Ross, 142 Panama Street, and others (reported previously). Location: Pittston, Pennsylvania

Group of boys working in #9 Breaker Pennsylvania Coal Co, Hughestown B...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Coal mines. Hine no. 1959. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Di... More

Holding the door open while a trip? goes through. Willie Bryden, a nipper, 164 Center St. A lonely job. Waiting all alone in the dark for a trip to come through. It was so damp that Willie said he had to be doctoring all the time for his cough. A short distance from here, the gas was pouring into the mine so rapidly that it made a great torch when the foreman lit it. Willie had been working here for four months, 500 feet down the shaft, and a quarter of a mile underground from there. (Shaft #6 Pennsylvania Coal Co.) Walls have been whitewashed to make it lighter. January 16th, I found Willie at home sick, His mother admitted that he is only 13 yrs old; will be 14 next July. Said that 4 mos. ago the mine boss told the father to take Willie to work, and that they obtained the certificate from Squire Barrett. (The only thing the Squire could do was to make Willie out to be 16 yrs old.) Willie's father and brother are miners and the home is that of a frugal German family. Location: Pittston, Pennsylvania

Holding the door open while a trip? goes through. Willie Bryden, a nip...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Coal mines. Hine no. 1922. Reproduction no. LC-USZ6-1212. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Cong... More

A young leader and a driver, Shaft #6, Pennsylvania Coal Company. Pasquale Salvo and Sandy Castina. Location: Pittston, Pennsylvania

A young leader and a driver, Shaft #6, Pennsylvania Coal Company. Pasq...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Coal mines. Hine no. 1921. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Di... More

Arthur Havard, a young driver. Shaft #6. Pennsylvania Coal Company.  Location: South Pittston, Pennsylvania.

Arthur Havard, a young driver. Shaft #6. Pennsylvania Coal Company. L...

Picryl description: Public domain vintage artistic photograph, free to use, no copyright restrictions image.

Group of Breaker Boys in #9 Breaker, Hughestown Borough, Pennsylvania Coal Co. Smallest boy is Angelo Ross (see photos and labels #1953 & #1954). Location: Pittston, Pennsylvania

Group of Breaker Boys in #9 Breaker, Hughestown Borough, Pennsylvania ...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Coal mines. Hine no. 1949. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Di... More

Inside workers shaft #6, Pennsylvania Coal Co.  Location: South Pittston, Pennsylvania.

Inside workers shaft #6, Pennsylvania Coal Co. Location: South Pittst...

Picryl description: Public domain image of boy workers, child labor, working children, economic conditions, free to use, no copyright restrictions.

Group of boys working in #9 Breaker Pennsylvania Coal Co, Hughestown Borough, Pittstown, Pa. In this group were Sam Belloma, Pine Street, Angelo Ross, 142 Panama Street, and others (reported previously).  Location: Pittston, Pennsylvania.
Mule power and motor power. A Young Driver, Shaft #6, Pennsylvania Coal Company. Location: Pittston, Pennsylvania

Mule power and motor power. A Young Driver, Shaft #6, Pennsylvania Coa...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Coal mines. Hine no. 1924. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Di... More

Four Breaker Boys working in #9 Breaker, Hughestown Borough. Boy on left is Tony Ross, 142 Panama Street, other small boy is Mike Rosa i.e., Ross?, cousin. Location: Pittston, Pennsylvania

Four Breaker Boys working in #9 Breaker, Hughestown Borough. Boy on le...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Coal mines. Hine no. 1951. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Di... More

Jim McNulty, 10 Morgan St. Is a leader inside the mine at Leadville Shaft. Said he was 15 years old.  Location: North Pittston, Pennsylvania.

Jim McNulty, 10 Morgan St. Is a leader inside the mine at Leadville Sh...

Public domain photograph - historical image of Pennsylvania, United States, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

At the close of the day. Waiting for the cage to go up. The cage is entirely open on two sides and not very well protected on other two, and is usually crowded like this. Small boy in front is Jo Pume, a Nipper, 163 Pine Street. Shaft #6, Pennsylvania Coal Co.,.  Location: South Pittston, Pennsylvania.

At the close of the day. Waiting for the cage to go up. The cage is en...

Picryl description: Public domain image of a miner, coal mine, free to use, no copyright restrictions.

A young leader and a driver, Shaft #6, Pennsylvania Coal Company. Pasquale Salvo and Sandy Castina. Location: Pittston, Pennsylvania

A young leader and a driver, Shaft #6, Pennsylvania Coal Company. Pasq...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Coal mines. Hine no. 1921. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Di... More

Breaker boys in #9 Breaker, Hughestown Borough, Pennsylvania Coal Co. Smallest boy is Angelo Ross, (See labels #1953 + #1951.) Location: Pittston, Pennsylvania

Breaker boys in #9 Breaker, Hughestown Borough, Pennsylvania Coal Co. ...

Title from NCLC caption card. Attribution to Hine based on provenance. In album: Coal mines. Hine no. 1950. Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Di... More

Holding the door open while a trip[?] goes through. Willie Bryden, a nipper, 164 Center St. A lonely job. Waiting all alone in the dark for a trip to come through. It was so damp that Willie said he had to be doctoring all the time for his cough. A short distance from here, the gas was pouring into the mine so rapidly that it made a great torch when the foreman lit it. Willie had been working here for four months, 500 feet down the shaft, and a quarter of a mile underground from there. (Shaft #6 Pennsylvania Coal Co.) Walls have been whitewashed to make it lighter. January 16th, I found Willie at home sick, His mother admitted that he is only 13 yrs old; will be 14 next July. Said that 4 mos. ago the mine boss told the father to take Willie to work, and that they obtained the certificate from Squire Barrett. (The only thing the Squire could do was to make Willie out to be 16 yrs old.) Willie's father and brother are miners and the home is that of a frugal German family.  Location: Pittston, Pennsylvania.

Holding the door open while a trip[?] goes through. Willie Bryden, a n...

Picryl description: Public domain image of a coal mine, mining, free to use, no copyright restrictions.