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Harris and Ewing, Washington, D.C.

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Summary

A poster with a map of the united states, Library of Congress Harris and Ewing collection

Portraits and news photographs by Washington, D.C.-based firm, showing people, events, architecture in Washington, D.C. and elsewhere.

Title from NCLC caption card.

Attribution to Hine based on provenance.

In album: Miscellaneous.

Hine no. 3785.

No location or date recorded on caption card; date estimate based on captions for photographs with neighboring numbers.

Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division.

General information about the National Child Labor Committee collection is available at: loc.gov

Forms part of: National Child Labor Committee collection.

Hine grew up in Oshkosh, Wisconsin. As a young man he had to care for himself, and working at a furniture factory gave him first-hand knowledge of industrial workers' harsh reality. Eight years later he matriculated at the University of Chicago and met Professor Frank A. Manny, whom he followed to New York to teach at the Ethical Culture School and continue his studies at New York University. As a faculty member at the Ethical Culture School Hine was introduced to photography. From 1904 until his death he documented a series of sites and conditions in the USA and Europe. In 1906 he became a photographer and field worker for the National Child Labor Committee (NCLC). Undercover, disguised among other things as a Bible salesman or photographer for post-cards or industry, Hine went into American factories. His research methodology was based on photographic documentation and interviews. Together with the NCLC he worked to place the working conditions of two million American children onto the political agenda. The NCLC later said that Hine's photographs were decisive in the 1938 passage of federal law governing child labor in the United States. In 1918 Hine left the NCLC for the Red Cross and their work in Europe. After a short period as an employee, he returned to the United States and began as an independent photographer. One of Hine's last major projects was the series Men at Work, published as a book in 1932. It is a homage to the worker that built the country, and it documents such things as the construction of the Empire State Building. In 1940 Hine died abruptly after several years of poor income and few commissions. Even though interest in his work was increasing, it was not until after his death that Hine was raised to the stature of one of the great photographers in the history of the medium.

According to the 1900 US Census, a total of 1,752,187 (about 1 in every 6) children between the ages of five and ten were engaged in "gainful occupations" in the United States. The National Child Labor Committee, or NCLC, was a private, non-profit organization that served as a leading proponent for the national child labor reform movement. It headquartered on Broadway in Manhattan, New York. In 1908 the National Child Labor Committee hired Lewis Hine, a teacher and professional photographer trained in sociology, who advocated photography as an educational medium, to document child labor in the American industry. Over the next ten years, Hine would publish thousands of photographs designed to pull at the nation's heartstrings. The NCLC is a rare example of an organization that succeeded in its mission and was no longer needed. After more than a century of fighting child labor, it shut down in 2017.

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exhibitions child labor membership campaigns photographic prints lot 7483 national child labor committee collection lewis wickes hine photo exhibit panel ultra high resolution high resolution lewis w hine harris and ewing collection united states history library of congress washington dc
date_range

Date

01/01/1914
collections

in collections

Lewis W. Hine

Lewis Hine, Library of Congress Collection

Child Labor

National Child Labor Committee collection
place

Location

united states
create

Source

Library of Congress
link

Link

https://www.loc.gov/
copyright

Copyright info

No known restrictions on publication. For information see: "National Child Labor Committee (Lewis Hine photographs)," https://hdl.loc.gov/loc.pnp/res.097.hine

label_outline Explore Membership Campaigns, Exhibit Panel, Exhibitions

7 year old Ferris. Tiny newsie who did not know enough to make change for investigator. There are still too many of these little ones in the larger cities. Location: Mobile, Alabama.

Eight-year old Jack on a Western Massachusetts farm. He is a type of child who is being overworked in many rural districts. See Hine Report, Rural Child Labor, August, 1915. Location: Western Massachusetts, Massachusetts.

Two of the workers in Merrimack Mills. See Hine report. Location: Huntsville, Alabama.

"Teaching the young Idea How to Sell." Gus Hodges, age 11, instructing his brother Julius, age 5. I found Gus selling as late as 9:00 P.M., and he said that he had made over one dollar a day. Julius and another brother, 9 years old, has made 25 cents that day. Norfolk, Virginia.

All of these are workers in the Stearns Silk Factory, Petersburg, Virginia Not all of the youngsters would get into the photo. I went through the factory during working hours and saw many others like these. A neighbor's testimony corroborated the foregoing. Noon hour. Location: Petersburg, Virginia.

Salvin Nocito, 5 years old, carries 2 pecks of cranberries for long distance to the "bushel-man." Whites Bog, Browns Mills, N.J. Sept. 28, 1910. Witness E.F. Brown. Location: Browns Mills, New Jersey Photo by Lewis W. Hine

Vance, a Trapper Boy, 15 years old. Has trapped for several years in a West Virginia Coal mine. $.75 a day for 10 hours work. All he does is to open and shut this door: most of the time he sits here idle, waiting for the cars to come. On account of the intense darkness in the mine, the hieroglyphics on the door were not visible until plate was developed. Location: West Virginia

Group of girls and women, Aragon Mills, Rock Hill, S.C. Location: Rock Hill, South Carolina

Louis Horoux. One of the youngsters in Queen City Mill, Burlington, Vt. About a dozen like here. (Not a large mill.) Location: Burlington, Vermont

A typical Glass Works Boy, Indiana, Night Shift, Said he was 16 years old. 1 A.M. Location: Indiana

Olga Schubert, 855 Gruenwald St. The little 5 yr. old after a day's work that began about 5:00 A.M. helping her mother in the Biloxi Canning Factory, begun at an early hour, was tired out and refused to be photographed. The mother said, "Oh, She's ugly." Both she and other persons said picking shrimp was very hard on the fingers. See also photo 2021. Location: Biloxi, Mississippi

11 P.M. Messenger boys going home at close of shift. One called away to go with message. Where? Both telegraph offices are almost next door to a caf --boulevard frequented by street walkers and worse? Many of there women parade the streets and the boys meet them constantly and are called frequently into house of ill repute. Location: New Haven, Connecticut

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exhibitions child labor membership campaigns photographic prints lot 7483 national child labor committee collection lewis wickes hine photo exhibit panel ultra high resolution high resolution lewis w hine harris and ewing collection united states history library of congress washington dc