Sinaikloster Klostergarten. Im Hintergrunde die Ebene er Râḥa. 1910.

Photograph taken from top of the northwestern wall of Saint Catherine Monastery in the central area of Wadi El Dier (Biblical Holy Valley), looking northwest and showing the mountain slopes of Gebel 'Arribeh and Gebel El Dier (Selib-Baraka) to the right, hill of Nabi Harun (hill of Jethro), the mountain range and summit of Gebel El Sana' behind the hill and the triangular summit of Gebel Umm Gelekh in centre-right, El Raha Plain and the vicinity of Naqb El Hawa in the centre, the pointed summits of Gebel Naa'ga and Gebel Fara'a mountain range in centre-left from a 10km distance, the round-shape side summit of Gebel Rubsha (El Ghabsheh) behind the cypress tree in centre-left, the mountain slopes of Gebel Armaziya and Gebel El Sefsafa to the left, the orchard of the monastery in the foreground, the camel caravan path to the monastery in lower-right, and the chapel of St. Trifon to the right of the olive grove and the subsidiary building to its left in lower-left. (Source: A. Shams, Sinai Peninsula Research, 2018)
El Raha Plain is dotted by prehistoric sites date back to Upper Paleolithic (37,000-34,000 BCE) and Pre-Pottery Neolithic (B) (6,700-6,000 BCE). El Raha Plain is recognised as the traditional location where the Israelites encamped at the foot of Biblical Mount Horeb. Nabatean (1st Century CE) structures are scattered in the downstream area of Wadi El Dier (Biblical Holy Valley). Naqb El Hawa acted as the entry gate to Mount Sinai (Biblical Sinai) and Saint Catherine Monastery for pilgrims, travellers and scholars since 4th century CE, marked by scattered Byzantine monastic structures (4th-7th centuries CE). The "Ossuary or bone-house" is located under the chapel of St. Tryphon, where the skulls of the monks are separated from the rest of the skeletal remains and the relics of the archbishops are placed in sidewall niches, all collected from their primary burial since the foundation of the monastery. A mountain chapel was built next to the circular Bedouin shrine on the top of the hill of Nabi Harun (hill of Jethro) in 1911 CE by the monks of Saint Catherine Monastery, suggesting the photograph was taken after that year. (Source: A. Shams, Sinai Peninsula Research, 2018)
Plate 95 in portfolio: Bilder aus Palästina. Nord-Arabien und dem Sinai. Berlin : Dietrich Riemer, 1916.
Letterpress caption in German.
Translated title by Library staff.